Discrete state Markov models have proven useful for describing the gating of single ion channels. Such models predict that the dwell-time distributions of open and closed interval durations are described by mixtures of exponential components, with the number of exponential components equal to the number of states in the kinetic gating mechanism. Although the exponential components are readily c...

We consider an exactly tractable model of the Kramers type for the voltage-dependent gating dynamics of single ion channels. It is assumed that the gating dynamics is caused by the thermally activated transitions in a bistable potential. Moreover, the closed state of the channel is highly degenerate and embraces the whole manifold of closed substates. Opening of the ion channel is energetically...

Segmented cardiac acquisitions generally require the use of an electrocardiogram (ECG) in combination with a breathhold or a respiratory navigator placed on the diaphragm. These techniques necessitate patient cooperation and increase the complexity of cardiac imaging. The ECG signal may be distorted inside the magnet by interferences from radiofrequency and gradient action. Breathhold acquisiti...

Respiratory movement degrades magnetic resonance (MR) images of the chest and abdomen by increasing noise through the production of "ghost" artifacts and by decreasing edge sharpness in moving structures. Respiratory gating, which limits data acquisition to end-expiration, is successful in restoring edge sharpness and reducing ghosts but increases imaging time two to three times, which limits i...

INTRODUCTION: In cardiac imaging, respiratory motion causes image artifacts and ghosting. Over the past two decades, several approaches have been proposed to minimize motion artifacts such as breath-holding, respiratory navigators or self-gating [1]. In high resolution imaging, respiratory navigators using a 2D selective RF excitation typically positioned on the right hemi-diaphragm, have been ...

We describe a method for evaluating the quality of respiratory-gated radiation delivery using a commercially available device. During irradiation, gating traces for one field for each treatment were extracted from the system for each of 14 patients. The data were then transferred to a spreadsheet. Software was developed to evaluate the following parameters: duty cycle, amplitude of fiducial mot...

A Macintosh-based signal processing system has been developed to support simultaneous respiratory and cardiac gating on the ECAT EXACT HR PET scanner. Using the LabView real-time software environment, the system reads analog inputs from a pneumatic respiratory bellows and an ECG monitor to compute an appropriate histogram memory location for the PET data. Respiratory state is determined by the ...

Stimulated-emission depletion (STED) microscopy improves image resolution by encoding additional spatial information in a second stimulated-decay channel with a spatially-varying strength. Here we demonstrate that spatial information is also encoded in the fluorophore lifetime and that this information can be used to improve the spatial resolution of STED microscopy. By solving a kinetic model ...

”Echo State” neural networks, which are a special case of recurrent neural networks, are studied from the viewpoint of their learning ability, with a goal to achieve their greater predictive ability. In this paper we study the influence of the memory length on predictive abilities of Echo State neural networks. The conclusion is that Echo State neural networks with fixed memory length can have ...

We propose a time-gated-single-pixel-camera as promising sensor for image-free object detection automotive application in adverse weather conditions. By combining the well-known principles of time-gating and single-pixel with neural networks, we aim to ultimately detect objects within scene rapidly robustly low-cost sensor. Here, evaluate possible data reduction such system can provide compared...