Acknowledgements: This document should be seen as a revised version of the one produced in 2000 in the context of the construction of the 2000 Ghana Poverty Profile. The revisions mainly consist of the inclusion of GLSS 5-specific issues as well as an update of the different statistical tables. Those revisions were done by Harold Coulombe. The authors are grateful to Dr Grace Bediako (GSS), Dr ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Populations of dioecious flowering plants commonly exhibit heterogeneity in sex ratios and deviations from the equilibrium expectation of equal numbers of females and males. Yet the role of ecological and demographic factors in contributing towards biased sex ratios is currently not well understood. METHODS Species-level studies from the literature were analysed to investi...

One of the major quantitative trait loci for flowering time in maize, the Vegetative to generative transition 1 (Vgt1) locus, corresponds to an upstream (70 kb) noncoding regulatory element of ZmRap2.7, a repressor of flowering. At Vgt1, a miniature transposon (MITE) insertion into a conserved noncoding sequence was previously found to be highly associated with early flowering in independent st...

Fast-growing European buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica) shrubs are aggressively invading woodlands in eastern and midwestern North America. Buckthorn casts dense shade, alters soil conditions, and may be allelopathic. We used greenhouse and field experiments to investigate aboveand belowground effects of Rhamnus on four herbaceous species native to southern Wisconsin. In the greenhouse, we assesse...