The expression of various cell surface molecules and the production of certain cytokines are important mechanisms by which dendritic cells (DC) are able to bias immune responses. This paper describes the effects of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α on DC phenotype and function. TNF-α treatment resulted in upregulation of MHC class II and CD86 in the absence of increased ce...

The outcome of dendritic cell (DC) presentation of P815AB, a tolerogenic tumor/self peptide, depends on a balance between the respective immunogenic and tolerogenic properties of myeloid (CD8 alpha(-)) and lymphoid (CD8 alpha(+)) DC. We have previously shown that CD8(-) DC can be primed by IL-12 to overcome inhibition by the CD8(+) subset and initiate immunogenic presentation in vivo when the t...

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that bridge innate and adaptive immune responses, thereby leading to immune activation. DCs have been known to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and nucleic acids via their pattern recognition receptors, which trigger signaling of their maturation and effector functions. Furth...

Dendritic cells (DCs) can initiate immune responses or induce immune tolerance. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] is a secosteroid hormone that can induce tolerogenic dendritic cells favoring the induction of regulatory T cells (Treg). The present study revealed a tolerogenic effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on the phenotype and function of ovalbumin (OVA)-activated mouse bone marrow-derived DCs. Thr...

In non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice that spontaneously develop autoimmune diabetes, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) have a diabetes-promoting role through IFN-α production on one hand, while a diabetes-inhibiting role through indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) production on the other. Little is known about the kinetics and phenotype of pDCs in the NOD pancreas during the development of autoimmu...

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that results from a deficient induction or maintenance of tolerance to islet b-cell antigens, allowing the eventual T-cell–mediated destruction of insulin-producing b-cells within the pancreatic islets (1). Under homeostatic conditions, immune tolerance is established by various subsets of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) with toleranceinducing/main...

background: tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-α) is a primary mediator of immune regulation and might be required in the early stages of dc development from cd34+ cells. however, details of optimal timing of exposure to tnf-α in dc development process in monocytes or non-purified hematopoitic cells are still lacking and clear benefits of this approach to the development of dcs remain to be valid...

OBJECTIVES To assess the safety of intra-articular (IA) autologous tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDC) in patients with inflammatory arthritis and an inflamed knee; to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the approach and to assess potential effects on local and systemic disease activities. METHODS An unblinded, randomised, controlled, dose escalation Phase I trial. TolDC were differen...