The facial expression of pain plays a crucial role in pain communication and pain diagnostics. Despite its importance, it has remained unknown which dimensions of pain (sensory and/or affective) are encoded in the face. To answer this question, we used a well-established cognitive strategy (suggestions) to differentially modulate the sensory and affective dimensions of pain and investigate the ...

Aquilaria malaccensis is a tropical tree that produces expensive resinous heartwood agarwood through the natural process induced by or artificial injury microbial infection. Fungi are commonly noticed as main component responsible for formation. The current review investigated quality and fungi diversity in from A. malecensis trees rainforest various pharmaceutical applications. Apart being an ...

Copyright © 2013 Massachusetts Medical Society. A 35-year-old man presented to the emergency department after having an episode of syncope while playing soccer. Loss of consciousness lasted only seconds and was preceded by a brief period of light-headedness. When he regained consciousness, he had no nausea, diaphoresis, chest pain, or dyspnea. He was not injured and had no bowel or bladder inco...

PEA attenuates chemotherapy-induced neuropathies by attenuating endoneueral edema in myelinated nerve fibers [2]. Similarly, PEA improves distal motor latency in individuals with carpal tunnel syndrome [3]. Similar benefits have been noticed in pudendal neuralgias [4]. PEA also exerts beneficial effects in patients with multiple sclerosis by ameliorating neuropathic pain [5]. PEA also increases...

This study evaluated relationships between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) pain, sympathetic dysregulation, and thermal pain sensitivity. Eight female patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS and ten healthy female controls were tested for sensitivity to thermal stimulation of the left palm. A new method of response-dependent thermal stimulation was used to maintain pain intensity at a predetermin...

BACKGROUND Central neurotensin (NT) administration results in a naloxone-insensitive antinociceptive response in animal models of acute and persistent pain. Both NTS1 and NTS2 receptors were shown to be required for different aspects of NT-induced analgesia. We recently demonstrated that NTS2 receptors were extensively associated with ascending nociceptive pathways, both at the level of the dor...