Severely impacted and dilacerated incisors are rarely considered for surgical exposure because they may not respond favorably to orthodontic extrusion. These incisors are often extracted, resulting in the need for tooth replacement; however, prosthetic solutions are limited in growing patients. Transalveolar autotransplantation of an impacted incisor may be the only method to preserve the natur...

A characteristic feature of mammalian dentition is the evolutionary reduction of tooth number and replacement. Because mice do not replace teeth, here we used Sorex araneus, the common shrew, as a model to investigate the loss of tooth replacement. Historically, shrews have been reported to initiate the development of several, milk or deciduous teeth but these soon become rudimentary and only t...

In mice, a toothless diastema separates the single incisor from the three molars in each dental quadrant. In the prospective diastema of the embryo, small rudimentary buds are found that are presumed to be rudiments of suppressed teeth. A supernumerary tooth occurs in the diastema of adult mice carrying mutations in either Spry2 or Spry4. In the case of Spry2 mutants, the origin of the supernum...

The study of ancient Egyptian skeletons from Amarna, Egypt reveals extensive tooth wear but very little dental crowding, unlike in modern Americans. In the early 20th century, Percy Raymond Begg focused his research on extreme tooth wear coincident with traditional diets to justify teeth removal during orthodontic treatment. Anthropologists studying skeletons that were excavated along the Nile ...

A diverse group of genes are involved in the tooth development of mammals. Several studies, focused mainly on mice and rats, have provided a detailed depiction of the processes coordinating tooth formation and shape. Here we surveyed 236 tooth-associated genes in 39 mammalian genomes and tested for signatures of selection to assess patterns of molecular adaptation in genes regulating mammalian ...

This paper presents the development of a novel application using motion analysis techniques to measure tooth movement in 3D. Measuring the relative displacements of teeth under load allows a greater understanding of the mechanical properties of the periodontal ligament (PDL). Two marker clusters were fixed onto the measured tooth and the reference tooth via orthodontic brackets and movements we...

WNT10A is a signaling molecule involved in tooth development, and WNT10A defects are associated with tooth agenesis. We characterized Wnt10a null mice generated by the knockout mouse project (KOMP) and six families with WNT10A mutations, including a novel p.Arg104Cys defect, in the absence of EDA,EDAR, or EDARADD variations. Wnt10a null mice exhibited supernumerary mandibular fourth molars, and...

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of preterm birth on the development of the dentition. The spesific aims were to examine the effect on deciduous and permanent tooth crown dimensions, the eruption of permanent teeth and the sagittal occlusal relationships within the dentition. The subjects consisted of 328 prematurely born (< 37 gestational weeks ) white and black children and 180...

INTRODUCTION A variety of craniofacial organs and tissues, such as the Meckel’s cartilage, maxillary and mandible bone, trigeminal ganglion and dentin-producing odontoblasts, derive from craniofacial neural crest cells (Chai et al., 2000; Chung et al., 2009). Despite originating from the same progenitor population, craniofacial bone and tooth exhibit distinct developmental, morphological and hi...

Tooth root crack is considered as one of the crucial causes of failure in the gearing system and it occurs at the tooth root due to an excessive bending stress developed in the root region. The modern power transmission gear drives demand high bending load capacity, increased contact load capacity, low weight, reduced noise and longer life. These subsequent conditions are satisfied by the aid o...