We introduce the notion of a multi-fan. It is a generalization of that of a fan in the theory of toric varieties in algebraic geometry. Roughly speaking a toric variety is an algebraic variety with an action of an algebraic torus of the same dimension as that of the variety, and a fan is a combinatorial object associated with the toric variety. Algebro-geometric properties of the toric variety ...

A cornerstone of AGN unification schemes is the presence of an optically and geometrically thick dust torus. It provides the obscuration to explain the difference between type 1 and type 2 AGN. We investigate the influence of the dust distribution on the Eddington limit of the torus. For smooth dust distributions, the Eddingtion limit on the dust alone is 5 orders of magnitudes below the limit ...

OBJECTIVES In the first issue of the American Journal of Physical Anthropology, E.A. Hooton noted the expression of Eskimoid characteristics in the Icelandic skull, one of which was mandibular torus. Our goal is to evaluate this trait in another North Atlantic population, the Greenlandic Norse. MATERIALS AND METHODS An investigation of mandibular torus was carried out on all Greenlandic Norse...

Youssef, Nabil N. Topography of the Cephalic Musculature and Nervous System of the Honey Bee Apis mellifera Linnaeus. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, number 99, 10 figures, 5 tables, 54 pages. 1971.—Fixed heads of workers, drones, and queens of Apis mellifera Linnaeus were dissected under distilled water for the study of two tissues: the musculature and the nerve mass. Musculature: The mo...

The maximally compact representation of a regular orbit is in terms of its action-angle variables (J, θ). Computing the map between a trajectory's Cartesian coordinates and its action-angle variables is called torus construction. This article reviews various approaches to torus construction and their application to galactic dynamics.

Thegeodesic flowof theflatmetric on a torus isminimizing the polynomial entropy among all geodesic flows on this torus. We prove here that this properties characterises the flat metric on the two torus. Résumé Leflot géodésique desmétriques plates sur un toreminimise l’entropie polynomiale parmi tous les flots géodésique sur ce tore. On montre ici que cette propriété caractérise les métriques p...

The quasiperiodically forced logistic map is analyzed at the terminal point of the torus-doubling bifurcation curve, where the dynamical regimes of torus, doubled torus, strange nonchaotic attractor, and chaos meet. Using the renormalization group approach we reveal scaling properties both for the critical attractor and for the parameter plane topography near the critical point. @S1063-651X~98!...

We analyze the entanglement spectrum of Laughlin states on the torus and show that it is arranged in towers, each of which is generated by modes of two spatially separated chiral edges. This structure is present for all torus circumferences, which allows for a microscopic identification of the prominent features of the spectrum by perturbing around the thin-torus limit.