Ammonia is an inorganic nitrogen compound that is metabolized and produced in all tissues via a number of important biochemical reactions. However, a major source of ammonia generation occurs in the gut following protein digestion and amino acid deamination. The subsequent ammonia-rich portal blood is effectively removed by the urea cycle in a healthy liver, maintaining circulating concentratio...

Analysis of the rumen content was carried out on a total of 43 samples taken from deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) shot on the hunting grounds of "Barajevska Reka" (Serbia). All animals were males and were hunted in the early morning. The experiment was set as a randomized trial with four treatments (spring, summer, autumn and winter) and an uneven distribution of animals per treatment. Organolept...

Abstract Bacillus coagulans T1.2, an indigenous bacterium from shrimp ponds in East Lampung, has been found to reduce total ammonia nitrogen (TAN). The purpose of this study was know the effectivity immobilization bacterial by sodium alginate marine brown algae wastewater pollution culture. algae, Sargassum sp. and Padina sp., were collected Pesisir Barat Ketapang beach, Lampung. Alginate extra...

Addition of ammonia or urea to the combustion zone of a boiler has been shown to reduce the formation (and thus emissions) of oxides of nitrogen. However, under certain conditions, some of the ammonia will “slip” by and may be emitted to the atmosphere. Several states are interested in monitoring such ammonia “slip” emissions and other sources of ammonia. Industries are interested in using ammo...

The biological nitrogen cycle is driven by a plethora of reactions transforming nitrogen compounds between various redox states. Here, we investigated the metagenomic potential for nitrogen cycle of the in situ microbial community in an oligotrophic, brackish environment of the Bothnian Sea sediment. Total DNA from three sediment depths was isolated and sequenced. The characterization of the to...

Many countries strive to reduce the emissions of nitrogen compounds (ammonia, nitrate, NOx) to the surface waters and the atmosphere. Since mainstream domestic wastewater treatment systems are usually already overloaded with ammonia, a dedicated nitrogen removal from concentrated secondary or industrial wastewaters is often more cost-effective than the disposal of such wastes to domestic wastew...

The conducting polymers such as polyaniline, polypyrrole and polythiophene were functionalized with copper phthalocyanine using chemical oxidation method. The obtained polymers viz. PANI-CuPc, PPy-CuPc and PT-CuPc were studied as chemical sensors by their response characteristics after exposure to various chemical vapors such as methanol, ammonia and nitrogen dioxide. The results obtained showe...

Thin films of ammonium perchlorate (NH4ClO4) were exposed to energetic electrons at 5.5 K to explore the radiolytic decomposition mechanisms. The effects of radiolysis were monitored on line and in situ via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in the condensed phase along with electron impact ionization quadrupole mass spectrometry (EI-QMS) and single-photon photoionization reflectron...

Aerobic ammonia oxidation is the process that converts ammonium to nitrate and thus links the regeneration of organic nitrogen to fixed nitrogen loss by denitrification. It is performed by a phylogenetically restricted group of Proteobacteria (ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, AOB) that are autotrophic and obligately aerobic. This chapter describes methods for the measurement of ammonia oxidation in ...

Symbiotic nitrogen recycling enables animals to thrive on nitrogen-poor diets and environments. It traditionally refers to the utilization of animal waste nitrogen by symbiotic micro-organisms to synthesize essential amino acids (EAAs), which are translocated back to the animal host. We applied metabolic modelling and complementary metabolite profiling to investigate nitrogen recycling in the s...