Starch is the most important digestible polysaccharide present in foods and feeds. The starch concentration in cereals cannot be determined directly, because the starch is contained within a structurally and chemically complex matrix. Fine grinding and boiling in dilute HCl are preparative steps necessary for complete release of the starch granules from the protein matrix. Starch can be determi...

BACKGROUND Proposed quality specifications for glucose meters allow results to be in error by 5-10% or more of the "true" concentration. Because meters are used as aids in the adjustment of insulin doses, we aimed to characterize the quantitative effect of meter error on the ability to identify the insulin dose appropriate for the true glucose concentration. METHODS Using Monte Carlo simulati...

The importance of estimating discretization error has been sadly neglected in the computational solid mechanics community. Quite the opposite is true in the computational fluid dynamics community where discretization error estimation is required to publish numerical results in many CFD journals, including the ASME Fluids Engineering Journal. It is suggested that if more solid mechanics types wo...

In this paper, we investigate the detection performance of cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) using energy detector (ED) in several fading scenarios. The fading environments comprises of relatively less-studied Hoyt and Weibull channels in addition to the conventional Rayleigh, Rician, Nakagami-m, and log-normal shadowing channels. We have presented an analytical framework for evaluating differ...

Excessive bias and imprecision are major analytical problems associated with some assays for free and total thyroxine (T4). Bias in free T4 methods is largely proportional to variations in serum T4 binding. In direct methods, this is attributable to requirements for substantial quantities of protein-bound T4 to replace analytical losses of free T4. In some total T4 methods, bias is inversely pr...

Linearly time-varying fading models are used to investigate noncoherent detection of frequency-shift keying (FSK) signals transmitted over frequency-flat fading channels. The structure of the optimal noncoherent FSK detector is derived and a novel analytical technique is proposed to compute the error performance of noncoherent FSK detectors in fast fading. Error performance results obtained by ...

This paper presents a simple method for determining analytical solutions to lag/lead cascade and general second order compensator design problems in the frequency domain. Only linear and quadratic equations are used in the proposed approach. Results obtained here can be used to eliminate conventional graphic-based trial-and-error method used in past and contemporary control textbooks, which are...

ELECT The performance of a typical free-space optical link using a recently proposed composite model for turbulence and pointing error effects is studied. This model offers analytical tractability in the statistical description of the above phenomena and was derived using the mixture Gamma distribution for turbulence. New analytical derivations of the outage probability and bit-error rate for s...

Today the geoid can be conveniently determined by a set of high-degree spherical harmonics, such as EGM08 with a resolution of about 5'. However, such a series will be biased when applied to the continental geoid inside the topographic masses. This error we call the analytical downward continuation (DWC) error, which is closely related with the so-called topographic potential bias. However, whi...

© 2009 Jung-Su Kim et al. 345 ABSTRACT⎯This letter presents an alternative analytical expression for computing the probability of an M-ary phase shift keying (MPSK) wedge-shaped region in an additive white Gaussian noise channel. The expression is represented by the cumulative distribution function of known noncentral Fdistribution. Computer simulation results demonstrate the validity of our an...