It was generally believed that Toxoplasma gondii had a clonal population structure with three predominant lineages, namely types I, II and III. This was largely based on genotyping of more than 100 T. gondii isolates originating from a variety of human and animal sources in North America and Europe. Recent genotyping studies on T. gondii strains from wild animals or human patients from differen...

Toxoplasma gondii is an intra-cellular protozoan parasite that can infect almost all nucleated cells, eliciting host immune responses against infection. Host tissue damage is mainly caused by cellular lysis when T. gondii egresses from infected cells. However, the effects of cytokines released by host immune cells on egression of T. gondii remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate the rol...

BACKGROUND Toxoplasma gondii is a major problem for the sheep industry as it may cause reproduction problems. The importance of T. gondii in Norwegian goat herds is uncertain, but outbreaks of toxoplasmosis in dairy goat farms have been recorded. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of T. gondii infection in Norwegian dairy goats by using serology. FINDINGS Goat serum original...

OBJECTIVES Toxoplasma gondii is a worldwide prevalent zoonotic parasite which causes toxoplasmosis. An appropriate vaccine for animals could interrupt the circle between animals and humans. Our previous study showed that excreted/secreted antigens (E/SA), derived from the peritoneum of mice infected with T. gondii tachyzoites could be considered as a good candidate for animal vaccination. Inter...

Toxoplasmosis is a major zoonotic disease of warm-blooded animals caused by Toxoplasma gondii. Cats are the only definitive host and they excrete environmentally resistant T. gondii oocysts in their faeces. Coproscopy was used to detect oocysts of enteric coccidians and then Copro-PCR was employed to test specifically for T. gondii in 470 cat samples. The prevalence of T. gondii oocysts was 2.3...

BACKGROUND Infection with Toxoplasma gondii in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) is of epidemiological importance because of the risk for transmission to humans. We sought to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in 339 water buffaloes in Veracruz State, Mexico using the modified agglutination test (MAT, cut off 1:25). Seroprevalence association with general characteristics of buf...

Understanding the spread of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) in wild birds, particularly in those with opportunistic feeding behavior, is of interest for elucidating the epidemiological involvement of these birds in the maintenance and dissemination of the parasite. Overall, from 2009 to 2011, we collected sera from 525 seagull chicks (Yellow-legged gull (Larus michahellis) and Audouin's gull (L. ...

To determine the role of Toxoplasma gondii in reproductive failure, 108 of 113 sows that had aborted or delivered stillborn or weak piglets from 58 Swiss farms were serologically tested for specific antibodies against T. gondii tachyzoite antigens by ELISA. Additionally, formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues from 123 foetuses or stillborn piglets derived from 25 seropositive and 27 seron...

BACKGROUND Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan parasite, infects almost all warm-blooded animals and humans. Limited information is available about T. gondii infection in Tibetan Sheep in Gansu province, northwestern China. In the present study, we estimated the seroprevalence and risk factors of T. gondii infection in this region of China. RESULTS A total of 1732 Tibetan Sheep were included from ...

Background and Aims: In most of the studies, Toxoplasma gondii is maintained in laboratory mice or studied in vitro using non-lymphoid cell lines or primary mouse macrophages. The target of our research was to design a new axenic culture of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites to providing a sufficient quantity of them. Material and Methods: Theileria annulata-infected lymphoblastoids, which had been...