Drosophila tracheal terminal branches are plastic and have the capacity to sprout-out projections towards oxygen-starved areas, in a process analogous to mammalian angiogenesis. It was previously shown that this sprouting response involves the upregulation of the FGF homolog Branchless in hypoxic tissues, which binds its receptor Breathless on tracheal cells, thereby attracting the outgrowth of...

Rhythmic patterns of compression and reinflation of the thin-walled hollow tubes of the insect tracheal system have been observed in a number of insects. These movements may be important for facilitating the transport and exchange of respiratory gases, but observing and characterizing the dynamics of internal physiological systems within live insects can be challenging due to their size and exo...

The tracheal system of Drosophila melanogaster has proven to be an excellent model system for studying the development of branched tubular organs. Mechanisms regulating the patterning and initial maturation of the tracheal system have been largely worked out, yet important questions remain regarding how the mature tubes inflate with air at the end of embryogenesis, and how the tracheal system g...

Tracheal ultrasonography was performed to measure the width of the tracheal ring shadow and to assess the clinical relevance of these measurements for identifying tracheal collapse. The first tracheal ring width (FTRW) and thoracic inlet tracheal ring width (TITRW) were measured on both expiration and inspiration. The mean of the FTRW width (129 dogs) was greater in expiration (10.97 plusmn; 1....

Cell migration is an important step in a variety of developmental processes in many multicellular organisms. A particularly appropriate model to address the study of cell migration is the tracheal system of Drosophila, whose formation occurs by migration and fusion from clusters of ectodermal cells specified in each side of ten embryonic segments. Morphogenesis of the tracheal tree requires the...

Tracheal sounds have been the subject of many research studies. In this review, we describe the state of the art, original work relevant to upper airways obstruction during sleep, and ongoing research concerning the methods used when analysing tracheal sounds. Tracheal sound sensors are a simple and noninvasive means of measurement and are more reliable than other breathing sensors. Development...

INTRODUCTION Although impaired pulmonary function and respiratory sleep disorders are described as responsible for increased mortality in acromegalic patients, little is known about the tracheal abnormalities in this group of patients. Thus, the objectives of this study were to describe the tracheal structural abnormalities and correlate these changes with the respiratory function and clinical ...

Corticosteroids, efficient drugs for the treatment of severe asthma, may have numerous side effects. We investigated the effects of 7 days of treatment with triamcinolone (1.2 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) on the epithelial structure, tracheal smooth muscle cross-sectional area and contractility in the rat. The corticosteroid-injected rats were compared to pair-fed, and pair-weighed animals. Histologi...

CONTEXT Many patients in use of mechanical ventilation show clinical complications due to tracheal aspiration. Assessment and early methods are necessary, so that preventive and safety measures apply to this patients. OBJECTIVE To study the incidence of tracheal aspiration of saliva in tracheotomized patients treated in intensive care unit using two modes of mechanical ventilation and with di...

We describe a case of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome that occurred after tracheal surgery. The patient refused a tracheal stent placement and any surgical procedure aimed at stabilizing the tracheal walls. She was treated with a continuous positive airway pressure.