Acute pulmonary epithelial injury produced by short-term exposure to ozone varies by site within the tracheobronchial tree. To test whether this variability is related to the local dose of ozone at the tissue site or to local concentrations of glutathione, we exposed adult male rhesus monkeys for 2 h to filtered air or to 0.4 or 1.0 ppm ozone generated from 18O2. Following exposure, lungs were ...

Trauma is the leading cause of mortality in children over one year of age in industrialized countries. In this retrospective study we reviewed all chest trauma in pediatric patients admitted to Mansoura University Emergency Hospital from January 1997 to January 2007. Our hospital received 472 patients under the age of 18. Male patients were 374 with a mean age of 9.2±4.9 years. Causes were pene...

INTRODUCTION Unnoticed bronchial injury during the early stage of resuscitation of multiple trauma is not rare and increases mortality and morbidity. METHODS Three-dimensional reconstruction of the airways using a workstation connected to a multidetector chest computed tomography (CT) scanner may change the diagnostic strategy in patients with blunt chest trauma with clinical signs evocative ...

The case is reported of a woman who died at the age of 36 years from obstructive respiratory failure due to diffuse tracheobronchial amyloidosis which had caused symptoms for six years. When first seen her symptoms of wheezing cough and mucopurulent sputum sometimes streaked with blood were of recent onset, but on bronchogram and bronchoscopy her disease was already widespread. Appearances at b...

BACKGROUND Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is a rare but life-threatening complication after esophagectomy. It has a high mortality rate and often leads to severe aspiration pneumonia. Various types of surgical repair procedures have been reported, but the optimal management of TEF is challenging and controversial. Treatment should be individualized to each patient. CASE PRESENTATION A 66-yea...

In the present paper we discuss the indication and follow-up of 42 patients with iatrogenic tracheobrochial ruptures. Thirty-five patients were treated by operation and 7 patients were treated conservatively. In the operated patients, four developed an insufficiency of the tracheal closure and the rupture related mortality was 2.8%. A significant effect on suture dehiscence was seen for mediast...

In patients with severe acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) the prone position has been shown to improve survival of patients who are severely hypoxemic with an arterial oxygen tension to inspiratory oxygen fraction ratio (PaO(2)/FiO(2))<100. In those patients tracheobronchial toilette is crucial in preventing or treating airways obstructed by secretions and de...

BACKGROUND Tracheal tumors are uncommon, making up only 0.2% of all respiratory malignancies in the United States. One consequence of this low incidence is that few centers accumulate meaningful experience. Another is the lack of awareness of effective therapy. Bronchial gland tumors demonstrate oncologic diversity and include benign, low-grade, and high-grade malignant tumors. METHODS We rev...

Asphyxia secondary to airway obstruction has numerous underlying causes, both acute and chronic. Causes of chronic airway obstruction, such as neoplasms and tracheal scarring, are often clinically apparent well prior to asphyxia. Causes of acute airway obstruction may not be as obvious to clinicians or investigators. These include infections, anaphylactic reactions, status asthmaticus, inhalati...