This paper explores the business-led advocacy of the UK emission trading scheme with special focus on the symbolic benefi ts of emission trading for the business community. It traces the development of the UK Emissions Trading Group and links the group’s preferences for emission trading to socio-economic, operational and legislative contexts. The analysis reveals that, although business origina...

This study attempts to find the possibility of making relatively higher profit with lower risk when trading futures commodities. The system applies XCS classifiers to explore the rules of spread trading of these commodities. Our simulation holds a trading strategy that in every transaction, the proposed model buys and sells the same lots of goods of Taiwan index futures. All trades are settled ...

In the present work we address the problem of evaluating the historical performance of a trading strategy or a certain portfolio of assets. Common indicators such as the Sharpe ratio and the risk adjusted return have significant drawbacks. In particular, they are global indices, that is they do not preserve any local information about the performance dynamics either in time or for a particular ...

The foreign exchange (FX) spot markets are well suited to high frequency trading. They are highly liquid, allow leverage, and trade 24 hours a day, 5 days a week. This paper documents and tests the stylized facts known about high-frequency FX markets. It then postulates a high frequency trading system on the basis of these stylized facts. Benchmarking confirms the robustness of the approach, de...

High-frequency trading (HFT) practices in the global financial markets involve the use of information and communication technologies (ICT), especially the capabilities of high-speed networks, rapid computation, and algorithmic detection of changing information and prices that create opportunities for computers to effect low-latency trades that can be accomplished in milliseconds. HFT practices ...

This study investigates the algorithm of effective option trading strategy based on the superior volatility forecasts using actual option price data in Taiwan stock market. Forecast evaluation supports the significant incremental explanatory power of investor sentiments on the fitting and forecasting of future volatility to its adversarial multiple-factor model, especially the market turnover a...

This paper provides an empirical description of the relationship between the trading system operated by a stock exchange and the transaction costs faced by heterogeneous investors who use the exchange. The recent introduction of SETS in the London Stock Exchange provides an excellent opportunity to study the impact of an electronic trading system upon transaction costs and the time taken to car...

A KADS based requirement analysis for the management of stock trading portfolios is presented. This provides a theoretical foundation for a stock trading system. This system is designed around portfolio management tasks that include eliciting user profiles, collecting information on the user’s portfolio position, monitoring the environment on behalf of the user, and making decision suggestions ...

This study sheds light on the resiliency of competing electronic order-driven markets by investigating the time path of liquidity after a large endogenous shock by means of an intra-day event study. We confirm earlier results that large trades, which qualify as shocks for the purpose of this analysis, are timed as they occur when liquidity in the market is extraordinarily high. Moreover, we fin...

Background & Aims of the Study: Due to one-way flow of water in rivers Guilan, pollution trade theory and the system of Ratio-Trade (TRS) and Streeter - Phelps equation has been used. This system, with a view of the river self- purification and how the distribution and transport of pollutants, determined Ratio-Trade system (TRS) between the units and using this method offers optimal pat...