When it comes to belief dynamics Y how a rational agent ought to change her full-beliefs after learning something new Y doxastic conservatism seems to have a lot going for it. Information is not gratuitous, the slogan goes, and so changes in view should always be minimal changes in view. This is the core of conservatism, and looks like just the kind of constraint that rationality imposes on bel...

The family Prochilodontidae is considered a group with well conserved chromosomes characterized by their number, morphology and banding patterns. Thence, our study aimed at accomplishing a cytogenetic analysis with conventional methods (Giemsa staining, silver staining of the nucleolus organizer regions-AgNOR, and C-banding) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with 18S and 5S ribosoma...

Climatic niche conservatism, the tendency of species-climate associations to remain unchanged across space and time, is pivotal for forecasting the spread of invasive species and biodiversity changes. Indeed, it represents one of the key assumptions underlying species distribution models (SDMs), the main tool currently available for predicting range shifts of species. However, to date, no compr...

Because of the well-known difficulties of exact real/mixed p computation [19, 16, 31, efficiently computable upper bound tests are of great importance for both p analysis and synthesis. However, another important issue is the introduced conservatism, and in this paper, we consider the worst case conservatism of these efficiently computable upper bound tests for real/mixed p analysis. It shown t...

Recent studies show that regression-based estimates of accounting conservatism reflect both differences in the asymmetric recognition of bad news and differences in asset composition. In particular, a firm’s market value and returns reflect both assetsin-place and expected future rents, while book values tend to reflect only assets-in-place. We propose two tests that remove the effect of asset ...