Anthropogenic disturbance has been pointed to as one of the major causes of the world´s biodiversity crisis. Among them, noise pollution is a potential underestimated threat, projected to increase in the next decades accompanying urban expansion. Rising levels of noise pollution may result in negative impacts on species highly dependent on acoustic communication. Amphibians have long served as ...

There are several remaining open questions in the area of flow-based anomaly detection, e.g., how to do meaningful evaluations of anomaly detection mechanisms; how to get conclusive information about the origin and nature of an anomaly; or how to detect low intensity attacks. In order to answer these questions, network traffic traces that are representative for a specific test environment, and ...

Distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks cause havoc by exploiting threats to Internet services. In this paper, we propose E-LDAT, a lightweight extended-entropy metric-based system for both DDoS flooding attack detection and IP (Internet Protocol) traceback. It aims to identify DDoS attacks effectively by measuring the metric difference between legitimate traffic and attack traffic. IP tra...

Aggravation of traffic intensity and air pollution in urban areas is urging the studies on strategic environmental assessment (SEA) of transportation networks and the integration of land-use planning with transport-environment concerns. The aim of this study is to analyse the environmental impacts of mobility induced by major regional development tendencies and policies in the Brussels-Capital ...

The traffic in telephone networks is analyzed in this paper. Unlike the classical traffic analysis where call blockings are due to the limited channel capacity, we consider here a more realistic cause for call blockings which is due to the way in which users are networked in a real-life human society. Furthermore, two kinds of user network, namely, the fully connected user network and the scale...

This paper proposes an adaptive queue management scheme (adaptive RED) to improve Random Early Detection (RED) on restraining non-responsive flows. Due to a lack of flow control mechanism, non-responsive flows can starve responsive flows for buffer and bandwidth at the gateway. In order to solve the disproportionate resource problem, RED framework is modified in this way: on detecting when the ...

Detecting anomalies that disrupt the symmetry in two-way communications is an important task for network defense systems. The subtlety and complexity of anomalous traffic challenge the existing detection methods, and the bottleneck is how to set thresholds to adapt to the variability in network traffic. In this paper, a nonparametric adaptive CUSUM (Cumulative Sum) method is presented to meet t...

queueing model. We define a new concept of trunk as a group of voice traffic with identical destination and DSCP. It is assumed that at least one trunk should be established between the ingress router and corresponding egress router. Each trunk has a different voice traffic arrival rate and mean service timc. We assume that there are P types of queues. In a queue of typc lc (k = I, 2, ..., P), ...

Traffic flows are subject to certain delays due the maneuvering of buses entering and leaving stop. The study how these change depending on frequency arrival a stop and, lanes road, intensity traffic flow road is important in organizing planning movement along route. article uses simulation models built PTV VISSIM program estimate delay time 2, 3, 4 lane roads for different values 5 bus at resu...