The responses of extrastriate area V4 neurons to flashed visual stimuli were examined to determine whether the responses to stimulus sequences occurring at normal saccade and fixation timing intervals were degraded relative to longer timing intervals. Stimuli were flashed in receptive fields in the near periphery while monkeys maintained steady fixation. Short interstimulus intervals (ISIs) res...

In many medical experiments, data are collected across time, over a number of similar trials, or over a number of experimental units. As is the case of neuron spike train studies, these data may be in the form of counts of events per unit of time. These counts may be correlated within each trial. It is often of interest to know if the introduction of an intervention, such as the application of ...

Spatial and temporal properties related to direction selectivity of both simple and complex type visual cortex neurons were assessed by cross-correlation analysis of their responses to random ternary white noise. This stimulus consisted of multiple randomly placed bars, each colored white, black, or gray with equal probability, which were rerandomized every 5-10 ms. A first-order cross-correlat...

Distinguishing between different signals conveyed in a single sensory modality presents a significant problem for sensory processing. The weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus use electrosensory information to encode both low-frequency signals associated with environmental and prey signals and high-frequency communication signals between conspecifics. We identify a mechanism whereby th...

Sparse redundancy reducing codes have been proposed as efficient strategies for representing sensory stimuli. A prevailing hypothesis suggests that sensory representations shift from dense redundant codes in the periphery to selective sparse codes in cortex. We propose an alternative framework where sparseness and redundancy depend on sensory integration time scales and demonstrate that the cen...

Many neurons exhibit interval correlations in the absence of input signals. We study the influence of these intrinsic interval correlations of model neurons on their signal transmission properties. For this purpose, we employ two simple firing models, one of which generates a renewal process, while the other leads to a nonrenewal process with negative interval correlations. Different methods to...

BACKGROUND In a typical electrophysiological experiment, especially one that includes studying animal behavior, the data collected normally contain spikes, local field potentials, behavioral responses and other associated data. In order to obtain informative results, the data must be analyzed simultaneously with the experimental settings. However, most open-source toolboxes currently available ...

) i t ] is twice the variance of the single interspike intervals [ var( 1 i t   ]. If bursting occurs, successive intervals are no longer independent, and this relation is violated. Thus, the difference between the two variances is a measure for bursting. If we divide this difference by the squared average interspike interval, a normalized burst measure (B) is obtained that is sensitive only ...

[1] Observational data on aerosol-cloud-drizzle relationships in marine stratocumulus are presented from the second Marine Stratus/Stratocumulus Experiment (MASE-II) carried out in July 2007 over the eastern Pacific near Monterey, California. Observations, carried out in regions of essentially uniform meteorology with localized aerosol enhancements due to ship exhaust (‘‘ship tracks’’), demonst...