Fragment assembly using structural motifs excised from other solved proteins has shown to be an efficient method for ab initio protein-structure prediction. However, how to construct accurate fragments, how to derive optimal restraints from fragments, and what the best fragment length is are the basic issues yet to be systematically examined. In this work, we developed a gapless-threading metho...

Question In human-modified tropical landscapes, agroforestry is considered a promising land use to reconcile biodiversity conservation with production goals. The role of agroforests regarding may be strongly influenced by land-use history; however, few studies have explicitly investigated this. We therefore tested the importance history for habitat structure and tree diversity in vanilla situat...

We analyze here how much carbon is being accumulated annually by secondary tropical dry forests (TDFs) and structure, composition, time since abandonment, climate can influence the dynamics of forest accumulation. The study was carried out in Santa Rosa National Park Guanacaste province, Costa Rica Mata Seca State Minas Gerais, Brazil. Total storage accumulation were obtained for both sites fro...

Platinum mines produce large amounts of inorganic tailings containing high levels metals which are disposed on disposal facilities (TDFs) and there is no information available their possible effects the surrounding terrestrial environment. The aim this study was to do an earthworm bioassay soils along a gradient from TDF over period 28 days in terms growth, reproduction metal accumulation. Afte...

Abstract With the advancement of genetic engineering, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have made far-reaching progress in treatment various human diseases. However, due to high cost production, increasing demands for antibody-based therapies not been fully met. Currently, mAb-derived alternatives, such as antigen-binding fragments (Fab), single-chain variable fragments, bispecifics, nanobodies, and...

The genome of the unicellular, euryhaline cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 encodes about 3200 proteins. Transcripts were detected for nearly all annotated open reading frames by a global transcriptomic analysis by Next-Generation (SOLiD™) sequencing of cDNA. In the cDNA samples sequenced, ∼90% of the mapped sequences were derived from the 16S and 23S ribosomal RNAs and ∼10% of the sequ...

background: the study evaluated qualitative pcr, primers 121-122 as a tool to follow up evolution parasite load of trypanosoma cruzi . methods: the study was conducted at the state university of maringa, in 2015. step 1, dilutions 1/10 were performed from t. cruzi -y strain to obtain preparations of 50,000-0.05 parasites/ml from which dna were extracted, quantified, and amplified. step 2, the e...