BACKGROUND Infection or stimulation of the innate immune system by nonspecific microbial antigens is thought to educate the immune system to respond appropriately to allergens, preventing allergy. OBJECTIVE To determine the immunologic pathways that might explain how infection/microbial exposure inhibits allergic sensitization. METHODS Immunologic studies of non-antigen-specific functions o...

Most of the popular Transactional Memory (TM) algorithms are known to be safe because they satisfy opacity, the well-known correctness criterion for TM algorithms. Recently, it has been shown that they are even more conservative, and that they satisfy TMS2, a strictly stronger property than opacity. This paper investigates the theoretical and practical implications of relaxing those algorithms ...

CD4+ memory T cells (Tm) from rheumatoid arthritis peripheral blood (RAPB) or peripheral blood from normal donors produced IL-2, whereas fewer cells secreted IFN-gamma or IL-4 after a brief stimulation. RAPB Tm contained significantly more IFN-gamma producers than normal cells. Many rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial Tm produced IFN-gamma alone (40%) and fewer cells produced IL-2 or IL-4. An in...

We introduced, for Translation Memory System, a statistical framework, which unifies the different phases in a Translation Memory System by letting them constrain each other, and enables Translation Memory System a statistical qualification. Compared to traditional Translation Memory Systems, our model operates at a fine grained sub-sentential level such that it improves the translation coverag...

1. Overview This paper talk about that NP is not AL and P, P is not NC, NC is not NL, and NL is not L. The point about this paper is the depend relation of the problem that need other problem's result to compute it. I show the structure of depend relation that could divide each complexity classes. 2. The condition to emulate the TM by using UTM We will begin by considering the important nature ...

The factors controlling memory T (Tm)-cell longevity are still poorly defined, and their identification is pivotal to the design of a vaccine conferring long-term protection against infection. Tm cells have the ability to survive in the absence of the T-cell receptor (TCR)-MHC interaction. This does not exclude a possible role for TCR-intrinsic ligand-independent constitutive signaling in Tm-ce...

Multicore processors are now a mainstream approach to deliver higher performance to parallel applications. In orderto develop efficient parallel applications for those platforms, developers must take care of several aspects, ranging from thearchitectural to the application level. In this context, Transactional Memory (TM) appears as a programmer friendly alternativeto traditional lo...

With recent announcements of hardware transactional memory (HTM) systems from IBM and Intel, HTM will soon be available for widescale adoption. Such platforms, combined with tested and stable software transactional memory systems, are likely to make real transactional memory (TM) systems available for the first time, which promises to be a more attractive alternative than lock-based parallel pr...

Transactional Memory (TM), an attractive solution to support concurrent accesses to main-memory storage, is already being deployed by some of the major CPU and compiler manufacturers. To address scalability and dependability challenges, researchers are now combining replication, TM and certification-based protocols. To maintain consistency and ensure common transaction serialisation order, thes...

Transactional memory (TM) is a promising lockfree technique that offers a high-level abstract parallel programming model for future chip multiprocessor (CMP) systems. Moreover it adapts the popular well established paradigm of transaction, thus providing a general and flexible way of allowing programs to atomically read and modify disparate memory locations as a single operation. In this paper,...