This article reports the effect of vapour chopping technique on the properties of vacuum evaporated poly (3methyl thiophene) thin films such as surface morphology, optical transmittance, band gap, refractive index and optical transmission loss. Vapour chopping gives smooth surface morphology with smaller grain size reduced roughness than non chopped thin films, while the transmittance of the th...

We propose a high-transmittance multi-domain vertical alignment liquid crystal device with a protrusion structure. Disclination lines, which inevitably appear at the boundaries of domains in a multi-domain structure, can be reduced by adding a protrusion structure on the top substrate. The transmittance was improved by 11% using the proposed structure with no change of either the dark state or ...

We examine the anomalous behavior of the transmittance through a one-dimensional ring having two branches of different lengths, as determined by the lead positions. Jumps in the transmittance phase are occurring in correspondence to both (a) zeros in the transmission at the eigenstates of the isolated ring and (b) destructive interference events. It is also found that when the ratio of the bran...

We present a first-principles method for the evaluation of the transmittance probability and the coherent conductance through elongated systems composed of a repeating molecular unit and terminated at both ends. Our method is based on a divide and conquer approach in which the Hamiltonian of the elongated system can be represented by a block tridiagonal matrix, and therefore can be readily inve...

Infrared smoke screen has been playing an important role in electro-optical countermeasures on the battlefield. Smoke transmittance is one of the most important parameters which can evaluate the obscuration performance of smoke. In this paper, an efficient numerical approach for field infrared smoke transmittance based on grayscale images is presented. Firstly, a field trial experimental setup ...

Near-field, broadband optical spectroscopy of metamaterials is reported. A compact, easy to assemble supercontinuum light source, coupled with a near-field scanning optical microscope and spectrometer provide the means to locally probe the spectral response of a nanorod metamaterial sample. Spectral maps of near-field transmittance are obtained for the spectral range from 500 to 950 nm. In comp...

Visual appearance of objects comes from the interpretation by the human visual system of a light signal issued from the objects. Describing or predicting appearance is therefore a question of light and requires notions about light propagation and measurement. In this paper, we introduce basic laws of optics, the science of light, and radiometry, the science of light measurement, in the context ...

Electrochromic devices, which dynamically change colour under applied potential, are widely studied for use in energy-efficient smart windows. To improve the viability of smart windows, many researchers are utilizing nanomaterials, which can provide electrochromic devices with improved colouration efficiencies, faster switching times, longer cycle lives, and potentially reduced costs. In an eff...

Thin films of ZnO have been deposited on glass and silicon substrates by the pulsed laser deposition technique employing a KrF laser ~l5248 nm!. The influence of the deposition parameters, such as substrate temperature, oxygen pressure, and laser fluence on the properties of the grown films, has been studied. All the films grown over a rather wide range of deposition conditions were found to be...

The Zn1-xCuxO (x=6.27%) films under different annealing were prepared by the sol-gel method on grass. Using the X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy to study the influence of annealing on the microstructure and surface morphology of the film, the result of which shows that the annealing temperature did not change the wurtzite structure of ZnO and the film density under 400 degree an...