Aristolochic acid (AA) is a plant alkaloid that causes aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) and Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), unique renal diseases frequently associated with upper urothelial cancer (UUC). This review summarizes the significance of AA-derived DNA adducts in the aetiology of UUC leading to specific A:T to T:A transversion mutations (mutational signature) in AAN/BEN-associated...

Nucleotide sequence analysis of multiple molecular clones of the hepatitis A virus (HAV), generated by reverse transcription-PCR of two capsid-coding regions, revealed a degree of heterogeneity compatible with a quasispecies structure in three clinical samples. Passage of plaque-purified reference strain HAV pHM175 43c in FRhK-4 cells documented the generation of a mutant distribution of HAV ge...

Abstract Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic in cats. However, scarce data on its prevalence are available Brazil. Persian cats and Persian-related breeds were assessed by molecular genotyping for a C to A transversion exon 29 of PKD1 gene determine ADPKD Brazilian population. Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral whole blood or oral swabs samples was...

A novel hydrogen bond-forming ligand for pyrimidine/purine transversion, which contains both a fluorescent naphthyridine moiety and a ferrocenyl group as an electrochemical indicator, is described. Hydrogen bond-mediated recognition for a target nucleobase at an abasic site in a DNA duplex is confirmed by both fluorescence and electrochemical measurements. The analysis by fluorescence titration...

Extracellular nonreplicating bacteriophage T4 particles accumulate mutations as functions of temperature, time, pH, and ionic environment via two mechanisms: 5-hydroxymethylcytidine deamination produces G.C----A.T transitions while a guanosine modification produces transversions. Neither frameshift mutations nor mutations at A.T base pairs are appreciably induced. We now show that heat induces ...

In the companion paper (Holmquist et al. 1988), we concluded that there is no agreement on either the correct branching order or differential rates of evolution among the higher primates, and we examined in depth why this uncertainty in the evolutionary understanding of our closest living relatives persists. Recently, Lake developed two novel methods, based on group properties of transition and...