With intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), it is important that the inverse planning process yields the most appropriate dose distribution for the patient and that the delivered dose then corresponds to the planned dose. This paper presents methods by which the inverse planning and delivery of segmental (step-and-shoot) IMRT can be verified, and gives results for a typical treatment planning...

Introduction Accurate dose delivery is critical to the success of stereotactic radiosurgery. Unfortunately, verification of the accuracy of treatment delivery remains a challenging problem. Existing radiosurgery delivery paradigms are limited in their ability to verify the accurate delivery of radiation beams using data sampled from the beam after it has traversed the patient. The Zap-X Radiosu...

Electromagnetic tracking (EMT) is used in several medical fields to determine the position and orientation of dedicated sensors, e.g., attached to surgical tools. Recently, EMT has been introduced to brachytherapy for implant reconstruction and error detection. The manuscript briefly summarizes the main issues of EMT and error detection in brachytherapy. The potential and complementarity of EMT...

Radiotherapy is one of the main treatment modalities to treat cancer. Image based treatment verification has been recently introduced. However, a quantitative comparison between the planned and delivered dose is a novel development in the field of radiotherapy. In this thesis, the added value of quantitative in-treatment dose measurements techniques to facilitate adaptive radiotherapy has been ...

This report describes one case of verified treatment failure of pharyngeal gonorrhoea using ceftriaxone in Sweden. Previous reports described verified treatment failure of urogenital gonorrhoea using the internationally recommended first-line drug cefixime, but not with ceftriaxone, the last remaining option for empirical treatment of gonorrhoea. Enhanced awareness of clinical failures, pharmac...

This work provides a method for an independent check of Gamma Knife GammaPlan radiosurgery calculations, named the spherical approximation method or SAM. Based on skull dimension measurements, the treated volume of the head is modeled as a sphere of radius R. With this approximation, an analytical solution for fast ray tracing of the path length, for each of the 201 beamlets, of the Gamma Knife...

Introduction: The present study aimed to generate intensity-modulated beams with Aluminium compensating filters for a conventional telecobalt machine based on the outputs of a treatment planning system (TPS) performing forward planning and cannot simulate directly the compensating filter. Materials and Methods: In order to achieve the beam intensity modulation during treatment planning with th...

We describe the second case in Europe of verified treatment failure of pharyngeal gonorrhoea, caused by an internationally occurring multidrug-resistant gonococcal clone, with recommended first-line ceftriaxone 250 mg in Slovenia. This is of grave concern since ceftriaxone is last remaining option for empirical treatment. Increased awareness of ceftriaxone failures, more frequent test-of-cure, ...