Background: There is conflicting evidence on the ‘‘fetal origins hypothesis’’ of association between birth weight and adult lung function. This may be due to failure to control for confounding maternal factors influencing birth weight. In the present study access to birth details for adults aged 45–50 years who were documented as children to have asthma, wheezy bronchitis, or no respiratory sym...

In this paper, we construct the uniform confidence band (UCB) of a time-varying trend in a partially linear model. A two-stage local linear regression is proposed to estimate the time-varying trend. Based on this estimate, we develop an invariance principle to construct the UCB of the trend function. The proposed methodology is used to estimate the Non-Accelerating Inflation Rate of Unemploymen...

in this study the trend of technological change and its nature was studied in production of sugar beet in iran by using dual approach. this approach is useful for estimating the demand structure of the input price change and technology status. after estimating the various forms of flexible functions, by selection of translog cost function with cost share equations system is estimated using seem...

INTRODUCTION Air pollutant exposure has been associated with an increase in inflammatory markers and a decline in lung function in asthmatic children. Several studies suggest that dietary intake of fruits and vegetables might modify the adverse effect of air pollutants. METHODS A total of 158 asthmatic children recruited at the Children's Hospital of Mexico and 50 non-asthmatic children were ...

Multiple organ failure syndrome and acute renal dysfunction share many of physiologic factors involved in their development. Recent studies correlate the susceptibility to organ dysfunction in critically ill patients with genetic inheritance. Many of them consider ACE gene could be a possible candidate to elucidate a genetic predisposition or a genetic risk factor. We aimed to examine the effec...

water quality is a worldwide problem which affects human beings lives fundamentally. water scarcity is intensified in result of quality deterioration. different factors such as population increase, economic development and water pollution could be considered as the origins of the problem. the study and forecasting of water quality is necessary to prevent serious water quality deteriorations in ...

purpose: to evaluate the effect of vertical prism induced stress on binocular visual evoked potentials. methods: using checkerboard stimulus patterns in two spatial frequencies (sfs) of 0.48 cpd as a low sf and 2.18 cpd as a moderate sf reversing with temporal frequency of 4 hz, the effect of increasing visual stress using vertical prisms of 0, 1, 2 and 3 prism diopters on binocular visual evok...

The Equivalent Effect Function (EEF) is defined as having the identical integral values on the control points of the original time series data; the EEF can be obtained from the derivative of the spline function passing through the integral values on the control points. By choosing control points with different criteria, the EEF can be used to find the intrinsic mode function(IMF, fluctuation) a...

It is known that densely populated coastal areas may be adversely affected as a result of the climate change effects. In this respect, for protection, utilization, and management it critical to understand changes in wind speed (WS) significant wave height (SWH) areas. Innovative approaches, which are one trend analysis methods used an effective way examine these changes, have started very frequ...