Evidence to support an irnmunostimulafion theory of tumor growth has recently been reviewed by Prehn (1, 2). Basically the immunostimulation theory proposes that both humoral and cellular immune responses can, under certain conditions, facilitate tumor growth by direct effect upon the tumor cells. Enhancement of tumor cell growth, on the other hand, is thought to be due to an enhancing antibody...

Abstract A sex difference in the incidence and outcome of patients with glioblastoma (GBM), most common primary malignant brain tumor, has been well established, as male experience a worse prognosis. However, contribution hormones to anti-tumor immunity not fully explored. To test this, we orthotopically implanted syngeneic mouse GBM cells into mice after castration or sham surgery assess survi...