Background The residual laxity after transtibial posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction has been reported by several authors. The sharp angle where the graft exits the tibial tunnel, which is known as "killer turn", is believed to be the main reason. The purpose of this study was to reveal the mechanism of "killer turn" and its effect on both graft and tunnel inlet. Methods A total ...

The effect of confinement on the stability and dynamics of peptides and proteins is relevant in the context of a number of problems in biology and biotechnology. We have examined the stability of different helix-forming sequences upon confinement to a carbon nanotube using Langevin dynamics simulations of a coarse-grained representation of the polypeptide chain. We show that the interplay of se...

The stability of the tunnel face during tunneling is one major criteria for design and construction tunnel. Collapse blowout are two modes failure excavation. cover-to-diameter ratio main parameters controlling these modes. Several analytical solutions have been proposed to estimate range support pressure applied on avoid both collapse blowout. However, most those models deal with homogeneous s...

High speed wind tunnels are widely used in the study of fluid flow behavior around various objects. The air flow in the starting step of supersonic wind tunnels is transient including strong shock waves caused by the interaction of the tunnel main stream and the boundary layer at walls. To arrive in running step, the tunnel must be designed so as these waves leave immediately the test section. ...

According to the geological characteristics of Xinjiang Ili mine in western area of China, a physical model of interstratified strata composed of soft rock and hard coal seam was established. Selecting the tunnel position, deformation modulus, and strength parameters of each layer as influencing factors, the sensitivity coefficient of roadway deformation to each parameter was firstly analyzed b...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the clinical performance and complications between an ACL reconstruction with a remnant-preserving single-bundle technique and a standard single-bundle technique. METHODS A search was performed of RCTs comparing the clinical outcomes and complications of ACL reconstruction with remnant-preserving and standard single-bundle techniques during Octo...

We present results from nanometer-scale tunnel junctions fabricated using organic self-assembled monolayers ~SAMs! as tunnel barriers. Single junctions have resistances consistent with tunneling through a single layer of molecules. In several devices, a gold nanoparticle nucleated within the SAM barrier. Such samples allow a sensitive test of mechanical stability—some are sufficiently stable to...

SPEAR 3 is an upgrade of the 18-cell SPEAR 2 storage ring to 3GeV beam energy, 18nm-radian emittance and up to 500mA circulating current. The existing arrangement of photon beam lines remains largely unchanged, but opportunities arise for additional ID and dipole radiation exit ports. For optimum beam stability, the entire tunnel floor will be excavated and replaced with reinforced concrete. Th...

Tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) devices were processed by sputter deposition of Co, Al and NiFe on oxidized Si wafers. After the Al deposition, an ex-situ oxidation in air at room temperature or an in-situ oxidation enhanced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation in high purity oxygen at 100 mbar follows. The electrical and magnetic properties of the junctions are measured and discussed concerning spec...

BACKGROUND & AIMS Evaluation of small bowel motility by intestinal manometry is invasive and requires expertise for interpretation. Our aim was to use capsule technology for evaluation of small bowel motor function based on a fully computerized image analysis program. METHODS Thirty-six consecutive patients with severe intestinal motor disorders (19 fulfilling manometric criteria of intestina...