We construct the holographic duals to a large $N$, strongly coupled $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills conformal field theory defined on four-dimensional de Sitter-Schwarzschild background. There are two distinct five-dimensional bulk solutions. One, named black tunnel, is static and possesses disconnected horizons. The other, hammock, contains only one horizon in bulk. hammock not Killing horizo...

Tunnels account for an increasing proportion of highways. Due to the semi-closed structure tunnels, signal communication is difficult in tunnels. This review analyzes data transmission requirements intelligent network management systems, such as lighting wind protection fire and vehicle pedestrian positioning systems The selection coverage methods are also discussed. advantages disadvantages va...

The aim of this study is to investigate the problems caused by discharge of polluted air from tunnels into the environment with a specific focus on residential areas. In city tunnels, portal or stacks, pollutant management is a big challenge. Nowadays, air quality management, particularly in urban tunnels, is considered as a part of the ventilation system design. The goal is to see the environm...

The concept of floating submerged tunnels becomes increasingly attractive idea to cross the straits. The structural solution in these bridges includes buoyancy force on tunnel body plus tension in mooring tethers. This paper investigates the effect of submergence on the dynamic response of submerged floating tunnels due to moving load. The inertial effect of the fluid on the submerged structure...

BACKGROUND Three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed computed tomography (CT) is crucial for the reliable and accurate evaluation of tunnel enlargement after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the tibial tunnel enlargement at the tunnel aperture and inside the tunnel and to clarify the morphological change at the tunnel footprint 1 year after...

The RSVP-TE daemon for DiffServ over MPLS under Linux project supports the important Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standards for the set up of MultiProtocol Label Switching (MPLS, RFC3031) tunnels with DiffServ support (DS, RFC2475) under Linux by using the ReSource reserVation Protocol (RSVP, RFC2205). These tunnels support scalable Quality of Service (QoS) in IP networks. While the p...

Many permanent spillway tunnels of high earth-rock dams are rebuilt from their diversion tunnels. Scour problem is focused because of their high water head and velocity. Energy Approach is a new method to Estimating Scour and is used here to estimate the depth of scour downstream of 1 spillway tunnel of Zipingpu Project. The method is illustrated working fine by comparing its results with data ...

Wireless communication draws the attention of various and this is because, it increases in data throughput and also the link range without the increased transmit power or additional bandwidth. The explanation and/or prediction of the inside distribution field such tunnels are excited by the electric antenna which is essential for deployment of wireless communication system. Primary objective of...