The observed steep kinetic scale turbulence spectrum in the solar wind raises the question of how that turbulence originates. Observations of keV energetic electrons during solar quiet time suggest them as a possible source of free energy to drive kinetic turbulence. Using particle-in-cell simulations, we explore how the free energy released by an electron two-stream instability drives Weibel-l...

We discuss aspects of imaging of plasma turbulence, taking the standpoint that the imaging is a path for induction of law from complex signals. An example of induction of symbol from signals is illustrated. Then the image of plasma turbulence is extended, putting an emphasis on the identification of the nonlinear interaction in turbulence. By employing the bipspectral method, magnitudes of inte...

The first systematic investigation of core electron thermal transport and the role of local ion temperature gradient/trapped electron mode/electron temperature gradient (ITG/TEM/ETG)-scale core turbulence is performed in high temperature, low collisionality DIII-D H-mode plasmas. Taking advantage of the unique set of DIII-D turbulence and profile diagnostics, experimentally determined L-mode an...

The problem of the turbulent thermal convection in the Earth’s liquid core is considered. Following assumptions on decreasing of the spatial scales due to the rapid rotation, we propose the subgrid model of the eddy diffusivity, which is used in the large-scale model. This approach makes it possible to model realistic regimes with small Ekman and Rossby numbers (E ∼ 10, Ro ∼ 10) and a sufficien...

Small-scale turbulence has been an area of especially active research in the recent past, and several useful research directions have been pursued. Here, we selectively review this work. The emphasis is on scaling phenomenology and kinematics of small-scale structure. After providing a brief introduction to the classical notions of universality due to Kolmogorov and others, we survey the existi...

We have predicted theoretically and detected in laboratory experiments a tangling clustering of inertial particles in a stably stratified turbulence with imposed mean vertical temperature gradient. In the stratified turbulence a spatial distribution of the mean particle number density is nonuniform due to the phenomenon of turbulent thermal diffusion, i.e., the inertial particles are accumulate...

We report a non-perturbative study of the effects of shear flows on turbulence reduction in a decaying turbulence in two dimensions. By considering different initial power spectra and shear flows (zonal flows, combined zonal flows and streamers), we demonstrate how shear flows rapidly generate small scales, leading to a fast damping of turbulence amplitude. In particular, a double exponential d...

[1] The carbon and oxygen isotopes of CO2 and the oxygen isotopes of H2O are powerful tracers for constraining the dynamics of carbon uptake and water flux on land. The role of land biota in the atmospheric budgets of these isotopes has been extensively explored through the lens of leaf-scale observations. At the ecosystem scale, kinetic fractionation is associated with molecular and turbulent ...

In chapter 3, we discussed the characteristics of the simulated incident flow by its statistical parameters. In chapter 4, wavelet analysis is applied to characterize the velocity field of the simulated turbulence in the eight configurations. In this chapter, we discuss how the pressure varies for these configurations. Such variations are important because they could be used as a basis for esta...