INTRODUCTION In this in-vitro study, we evaluated the temperature changes in the pulp chamber during bracket bonding using 4 different light sources. METHODS Eighty intact extracted maxillary central incisors were used. The teeth were divided into 4 groups of 20 teeth each. Brackets (Mini Twin, Dentaurum, Ispringen, Germany) were bonded with Transbond XT (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) adhesive ...

Behavior genetic approaches are becoming increasingly popular in political science. Many studies, to date, used a classical twin design to explore both political participation and ideological self-placement in Western democracies but studies in different political contexts, such as post-communist countries, are scarce. This paper is the first to explore the heritability of ideology and politica...

Micelle gel is a radiochromic hydrogel with the potential to be used as a three dimensional (3D) radiation dosimeter. Since an ideal dosimeter should present water equivalent properties, in this study the water equivalence of two formulations of micelle gel has been investigated by calculating electron density, effective atomic number, fractional interaction probabilities, mass attenuation coef...

BACKGROUND The physician's hands are close to the X-ray field in C-arm fluoroscopy-guided pain interventions. We prospectively investigated the radiation attenuation of Proguard RR-2 gloves. METHODS In 100 cases, the effective doses (EDs) of two dosimeters without a radiation-reducing glove were collected. EDs from the two dosimeters-one dosimeter wrapped with a glove and the other dosimeter ...

This work illustrates a procedure to assess the overall accuracy associated with Gamma Knife treatment planning using plugging. The main role of source plugging or blocking is to create dose falloff in the junction between a target and a critical structure. We report the use of MAGAT gel dosimeter for verification of an experimental treatment plan based on plugging. The polymer gel contained in...

This paper estimates the causal effect of teenage childbearing on educational attainment using two cohorts of Australian twins and their relatives. Our main finding is that the negative effect of teenage childbearing on educational attainment appears to be small. We find no difference in educational attainment between teen mothers and their identical twin sisters. Data on the relatives of the t...

Before you begin making measurements the microStar should be calibrated to your specific environment. This process, (i.e. creating a calibration curve) is extremely important as it correlates the optical response from a dosimeter to a known dose in order to establish the sensitivity of the system (measured in counts/dose). Fortunately, this is simple to do and the results can be stored for late...

The chamber model method is still a powerful tool for the thermodynamic simulation of screw machines and widely used in industry science. When choosing adequate submodels compressible flows through machine clearances ports high accuracy can be reached with minimal computation resources. However, detailed modelling required when complex geometry twin-screw abstracted to time-dependent zero-dimen...