background: nutritional education is a necessity in diabetic patients to better control of the disease. the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of educational programs to promote nutritional knowledge in type ii diabetes patients using the health belief model (hbm). methods: this was a quasi-experimental study which was performed among type ii diabetic patients referred to rura...

background: type ii diabetes is the most prevalent disease with numerous complications. adherence to treatment is an effective role on promoting health outcomes. this study aimed to assess the cognitive adaptation in treatment adherence and its relative factors in coping with disease among type ii diabetic patients. methods: this was a cross-sectional study which was conducted in 2012. study po...

The superconducting state of an infinitely long superconducting cylinder surrounded by a medium which enhances its superconductivity near the boundary is studied within the nonlinear Ginzburg-Landau theory. This enhancement can be due to the proximity of another superconductor or due to surface treatment. Quantities such as the free energy, the magnetization and the Cooper-pair density are calc...

Peak effect in weakly pinned superconductors represents order-disorder transition of the vortex matter. It is accompanied by metastability. Experimental manifestation of the metastability is highlighted and is explained by proposing a phenomenological model, in which each metastable vortex state corresponds to a distinct critical current density J c . Existence of a unique stable state correspo...

The helicity modulus for a fluctuating type II superconductor is computed within the elastic medium approximation, as a probe of superconducting phase coherence and the Meissner effect in the mixed state. We argue that at the vortex line lattice melting transition, there remains superconducting coherence parallel to the applied magnetic field, provided the vortex line liquid retains a finite sh...