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Dehydrative reactions can be used for a wide variety of transformations including etherifications, esterifications and thioetherifications. Generally, this route is more environmentally friendly than classical methods (Williamson and Ullmann) as the only byproduct is water, whereas the use of strongly basic alkoxides or phenoxides with alkyl or aryl halides in the Williamson method produces con...

A glycerol-based Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) enables the Pd-catalyzed activation of (hetero)arylchlorides and promotes formation 2,2’-bipiyridines biaryls through an Ullmann-type homocoupling in smooth experimental conditions (80 °C) with Ca(OH)2 as a green base Pd/C heterogeneous catalyst. Noteworthy, coupling does not need addition external reducing agents, like metals, since glycerol present...