Traditional optical networks are gradually evolving towards intelligent optical networks due to the need for faster bandwidth provisioning, protection and restoration of the network that can be accomplished with devices like optical switch, add drop multiplexer and cross connects. Since dense wavelength multiplexing forms the physical layer for intelligent optical networking, the roll of high s...

In this paper, we developed a metal micro-fluidic chip with advanced surface processing for ultra-small volume molecular isothermal amplification. This method takes advantages of the nucleic acid amplification with good stability and consistency, high sensitivity about 31 genomic DNA copies and bacteria specific gene identification. Based on the advanced surface processing, the bioreaction assa...

The IceCube Observatory is a km neutrino telescope currently under construction at the geographic South Pole. It will comprise 4800 optical sensors deployed on 80 vertical strings between 1450 and 2450 meters under the ice surface. Currently IceCube is operational and recording data with 40 strings (i.e. 2400 optical sensors). The IceCube Observatory will collect an unprecedented number of high...

We report the discovery of a periodic modulation in the optical lightcurve of the candidate ultra-compact X-ray binary 4U 1822–000. Using time-resolved optical photometry taken with the William Herschel Telescope we find evidence for a sinusoidal modulation with a semi-amplitude of 8 percent and a period of 191 min, which is most likely close to the true orbital period of the binary. Using the ...

Photothermal interferometry is an ultra-sensitive spectroscopic means for trace chemical detection in gas- and liquid-phase materials. Previous photothermal interferometry systems used free-space optics and have limitations in efficiency of light-matter interaction, size and optical alignment, and integration into photonic circuits. Here we exploit photothermal-induced phase change in a gas-fil...

Single longitudinal mode (SLM) erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser operation using a commercialized ultra-narrow bandwidth optical filter has been studied. A two-meter long EDF with an absorption coefficient of 24 dBm at the pump wavelength is used as gain medium. The ultra-narrow tunable filter is used for selection of a single longitudinal mode from the available spectrum of multiple modes, which ...

We present a compact 1.3 × 4 μm2 Germanium waveguide photodiode, integrated in a CMOS compatible silicon photonics process flow. This photodiode has a best-in-class 3 dB cutoff frequency of 45 GHz, responsivity of 0.8 A/W and dark current of 3 nA. The low intrinsic capacitance of this device may enable the elimination of transimpedance amplifiers in future optical data communication receivers, ...

Ultra-high speed OTDM networks require stable and compact all optical switches for demultiplexing and routing. In this paper we investigate the noise and crosstalk characteristics of all optical symmetric Mach-Zehnder (SMZ) switch using a numerical model. Two effects, the relative intensity noise (RIN) and channel crosstalk (CXT) that degrade the performance of the switch are investigated. Nume...

We demonstrate a monolithically integrated dual-output DFB-SOA, and conduct the field trial on a multi-user bidirectional coherent ultradense wavelength division multiplexing-passive optical network (UDWDM-PON). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first achievement of simplified single integrated laser-based neighboring coherent optical network units (ONUs) with a 12.5 GHz channel spaced ...

IP traffic in the core and access networks increases rapidly by the speed-up of the access network and the spread of the rich applications. 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10 GE) becomes a popular link technology to connect IP routers and Ethernet switches not only intra-office transmission links but also inter-office long reach transmission links. The optical layer protection switching is expected to pro...