ourproject encompasses a study on the development of a walking gait for fault tolerant locomotion in unstructured environments.Quadra pod is a four-legged walking robot. It should be a micro robot and designed with manual control. It consists of hardware and software. Thus the parts contain arduino Nano (ATMEGA 328), servomotor, ultrasonic sensor, PIR sensor and wireless module. An algorithm is...

In general the ultrasonic testing is used for flaw detection and localization in tested materials. Flaws in materials are commonly characterized in measured ultrasonic signals by faults echoes. Ultrasonic signals measured on materials with coarse grained structure contain relative high level of noise. This undesirable part of ultrasonic signal should be reduced to make the fault echo detection ...

A number of tomographic and phased-array methods have been proposed for generating two dimensional images of plate-like structures using sparse arrays of spatially distributed ultrasonic transducers. The phased array differential approach is considered here whereby pulse echo and through transmission signals are recorded before and after localized damaged is introduced, and differenced signals ...

The early radiation of cetaceans coincides with the origin of their defining ecological and sensory differences [1, 2]. Toothed whales (Odontoceti) evolved echolocation for hunting 36-34 million years ago, whereas baleen whales (Mysticeti) evolved filter feeding and do not echolocate [2]. Echolocation in toothed whales demands exceptional high-frequency hearing [3], and both echolocation and ul...

Two-dimensional (2D) transducer arrays represent a promising solution for implementing real time three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound elastography. 2D arrays enable electronic steering and focusing of ultrasound beams throughout a 3D volume along with improved slice thickness performance when compared to one-dimensional (1D) transducer arrays. Therefore, signal decorrelation caused by tissue motio...

Ultrasonic arrays are now used routinely for the inspection of engineering structures in order to maintain their integrity and assess their performance. Such inspections are usually optimised manually using empirical measurements and parametric studies which are laborious, time-consuming, and may not result in an optimal approach. In this paper, a general framework for the optimisation of ultra...

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer composites have been developed since the ’60s and allow the design of resistant and innovative lightweight primary structures, replacing traditional metallic materials. However, their intensive structural use remains limited due, between also other factors, to several peculiar damage mechanisms able to quickly degrade the mechanical properties and requiring high ...

Today, considering global development of digital technology, experts not only strive to perfect methods of conventional ultrasound echographic imaging of tissue structure (US), but also intensively develop other methods, focusing especially on ultrasound transmission tomography (UTT) (analogous to X-ray computed tomography CT) and reflection tomography (URT) (based on synthetic aperture method ...

This paper proposes an efficient array beam-forming method using spatial matched filtering (SMF) for ultrasonic imaging. In the proposed method, ultrasonic waves are transmitted from an array subaperture with fixed transmit focus as in conventional array imaging. At receive, radio frequency echo signals from each receive channel are passed through a spatial matched filter that is constructed ba...

Ultrasonic tomography is an emerging technology that shows promise for quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) during construction, or for making rehabilitation decisions in concrete pavements. However, the benefits of this emerging technology have not yet been fully captured for widespread use in highway infrastructure management. Verification of a state-of-the-art ultrasonic tomography devi...