Kinetic and equilibrium studies of the folding and unfolding of the SH3 domain of the PI3 kinase, have been used to identify a folding intermediate that forms after the rate-limiting step on the folding pathway. Folding and unfolding, in urea as well as in guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl), were studied by monitoring changes in the intrinsic fluorescence or in the far-UV circular dichroism (CD) ...

Conformal geometry is studied using the unfolded formulation \`a la Vasiliev. Analyzing first-order consistency of equations, we identify content zero-forms as spin-two off-shell Fradkin-Tseytlin module $\mathfrak{so}(2,d)$. We sketch nonlinear structure equations and explain how Weyl invariant densities, which Type-B anomaly consist of, could be systematically computed within formulation. The ...

An enhanced unfolding Inverse Finite Element Method (IFEM) has been used together with an extended strain-based forming limit diagram (EFLD) to develop a fast and reliable approach to predict the feasibility of the deep drawing process of a part and determining where the failure or defects can occur. In the developed unfolding IFEM, the meshed part is properly fold out on the flat sheet and tre...

Protein stability can be monitored by many different techniques. However, these protocols are often lengthy, consume large amounts of protein, and require expensive and specialized instruments. Here we present a new protocol to analyze protein unfolding kinetics using a quantified real-time thermocycler. This technique enables the analysis of a wide range of denaturants (and their interactions ...

Hexameric ATP-dependent proteases and protein remodeling machines use conserved loops that line the axial pore to apply force to substrates during the mechanical processes of protein unfolding and translocation. Whether loops from multiple subunits act independently or coordinately in these processes is a critical aspect of the mechanism but is currently unknown for any AAA+ machine. By studyin...

We address unsolved problems of unfolding polyhedra in a new context, focusing on special convex patches—disklike polyhedral subsets of the surface of a convex polyhedron. One long-unsolved problem is edge-unfolding prismatoids. We show that several natural strategies for unfolding a prismatoid can fail, but obtain a positive result for “petal unfolding” topless prismatoids, which can be viewed...