A new version of the stream cipher Grain-128 is proposed. The new version, Grain-128a, is strengthened against all known attacks and observations on the original Grain-128, and has built-in support for authentication. The changes are modest, keeping the basic structure of Grain-128. This gives a high confidence in Grain-128a and allows for easy updating of existing implementations.

In this paper a statistical model of grain size distribution is proposed. It is su¢ ciently simple to be studied analytically. The resulting grain size distribution does not contain …tting parameters and describes reasonably well the experimental data. The statistical model is based on the suggested in the paper tessellation condition, the necessary and su¢ cient condition for a set of grains t...

In this paper, we present fault attack on Grain family of stream ciphers, an eStream finalist. The earlier fault attacks on Grain work on LFSR whereas our target for fault induction is the NFSR. Our attack requires a small number of faults to be injected; 150 only for Grain v1 and only 312 and 384 for Grain-128 and Grain-128a, respectively. The number of faults are much lesser than the earlier ...

A coarse-grain parallel program typically has one thread (task) per processor, whereas a ne-grain program has one thread for each independent unit of work. Although there are several advantages to ne-grain parallelism, conventional wisdom is that coarse-grain parallelism is more eecient. This paper illustrates the advantages of ne-grain parallelism and presents an eecient implementation for sha...

a digestion trial using cannulated lactating cows was conducted to evaluate the influence of barley grain processing on characteristics of ruminal fermentation and the site and extent of digestion. the experiment consisted in 4 periods and lasted 84 days. the total mixed rations contained 39.86% of grains and 42.90% of alfalfa hay and the rest of ration was composed mainly by cane molasses, fat...

A coarse-grain parallel program typically has one thread (task) per processor, whereas a fine-grain program has one thread for each independent unit of work. Although there are several advantages to fine-grain parallelism, conventional wisdom is that coarse-grain parallelism is more efficient. This paper illustrates the advantages of fine-grain parallelism and presents an efficient implementati...

This paper highlights Adolphe Vorderman’s investigations of the causes of beriberi using epidemiological observations among prison inmates in the Dutch East Indies (today Indonesia) in the 1890s. His investigations are featured in the James Lind Library because of Vorderman’s scrupulous efforts to avoid bias. He built a number of methodological safeguards into his investigations, both to avoid ...

Quinoa high nutritive value increases interest worldwide, especially as a crop that could potentially feature in different cropping systems, however, climate change, particularly rising temperatures, challenges this and other crop species. Currently, only limited knowledge exists regarding the grain yield and other key traits response to higher temperatures of this crop, especially to increased...

Previous (mainly population-based) studies have suggested the health benefits of the elective, lifelong inclusion of whole-grain foods in the diet, forming the basis for public health recommendations to increase whole grain consumption. Currently, there is limited evidence to assess how public health recommendations can best result in longer-term improvements in dietary intake. The present stud...