The cellular Interferon (IFN) regulatory factor-7 (IRF-7) was originally identified in cells with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, which constituted of positive circuit with viral oncoprotein latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), and both proteins are involved in neoplasia. EBV is known to be associated with the development of various cancers, including Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NH...

The aim of the present work was to evaluate the induction and localization of Stat1, interferon (IFN) regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1), and IRF-2 after IFN-gamma exposure of human breast cancer cell lines, SKBR3, MDA468, MCF7, and BT20. Results from growth assays, Western staining, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), and immunohistochemical staining were collated to test our hypothesis that...

Neointima formation, the leading cause of restenosis after catheter angioplasty, is a paradigm for vascular proliferative responses. Neointima formation is self-limiting after a variable degree of tissue growth, causing significant renarrowing in a substantial number of patients. To investigate the mechanisms that limit neointima formation we studied the role of the transcription factor IRF-1, ...

To ensure that homeostasis of the immune system is maintained, the sensitivity of lymphocytes to Fas-mediated apoptosis is differentially regulated during their activation. The molecular mechanisms that link the activation program of lymphocytes to changes in sensitivity to Fas-mediated apoptosis have, however, not been fully characterized. In these studies, we have investigated whether Fas-med...

The prognostic values of IRF-1 and Ki-67 for liver transplantation (LT) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were investigated, as well as the mechanisms of IRF-1 in tumor suppression. Adult orthotropic liver transplantation cases (N = 127) were involved in the analysis. A significant decreased recurrence free survival (RFS) was found in the Ki-67 positive groups. Ki-67, tumor microemboli, the Mil...

A dichotomy between immunologically active and quiescent cancer phenotypes has been demonstrated for several types of cancer. Central to such dichotomy is the master regulator of the acute inflammatory process interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-1. Although the relevance of IRF-1 to the immune biology of cancer is emerging, it remains unknown whether the responsiveness of IRF-1 to immune cytokin...

Transporter associated with antigen processing 2 (Tap-2) is responsible for ATP-dependent transport of peptides from the cytosol to the endoplasmic reticulum, where peptides bind to newly synthesized human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules, which are essential for cellular immune responses. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1) has been shown to induce the expressio...

In many circumstances kidney transplants remain viable despite extensive inflammation, permitting rejection episodes to be reversed. The mechanisms by which the kidney resists host effector mechanisms are not known. In mouse kidney transplants, resistance requires interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), which acts on the graft to protect the graft from necrosis during the first days of rejection as well ...

Interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-3 is a master transcription factor that activates host antiviral defense programs. Although cell culture studies suggest that IRF-3 promotes antiviral control by inducing interferon (IFN)-beta, near normal levels of IFN-alpha and IFN-beta were observed in IRF-3(-/-) mice after infection by several RNA and DNA viruses. Thus, the specific mechanisms by which IRF...

Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3) is an important transcription factor for interferon genes. Although its functional activation by viral infection has been widely explicated, the regulatory mechanism of IRF-3 gene expression in cancer cells is poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated treatment of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells with trichostatin A (TSA) and valproic acid (VPA), two...