OBJECTIVE TX-004HR is an investigational, muco-adhesive, vaginal, softgel capsule containing low-dose, solubilized, 17β-estradiol designed to treat postmenopausal vulvar and vaginal atrophy (VVA) and improve user experience without an applicator and less mess. METHODS As part of the 12-week, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 3 REJOICE trial evaluating the efficacy/safety of 4-, 10-, and...

OBJECTIVES Vaginal atrophy and breast cancer are common conditions in postmenopausal women and tamoxifen is the standard endocrine treatment for hormone-sensitive tumors. The present study aimed to assess the effect of tamoxifen on Ki-67 protein expression in the vaginal epithelium of castrated rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty Wistar-Hannover adult, virgin, castrated rats were randomly divide...

BACKGROUND A modified form of high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy has been developed called Axxent Electronic Brachytherapy (EBT). EBT uses a kilovolt X-ray source and does not require treatment in a shielded vault or a HDR afterloader unit. A multi-center clinical study was carried out to evaluate the success of treatment delivery, safety and toxicity of EBT in patients with endometrial cancer....

BACKGROUND Low-dose vaginal oestrogens are effective in treating post-menopausal urogenital atrophy without inducing endometrial proliferation. We aimed to assess whether this dichotomic effect could be the result of a preferential vagina-to-urethra transfer via a counter-current transfer of oestrogens from vagina to the arterial blood supplying the urethra. Due to the impossibility of obtainin...