Gapped 2D Dirac materials, in which inversion symmetry is broken by a gap-opening perturbation, feature a unique valley transport regime. Topological valley currents in such materials are dominated by bulk currents produced by electronic states just beneath the gap rather than by edge modes. The system ground state hosts dissipationless persistent valley currents existing even when topologicall...

In this paper an analysis of the classical highorder Extremum Seeking Control (ESC) scheme is presented in comparison with an improved ESC variant proposed here. The proposed ESC scheme is based on a band-pass filter instead of the series combination of highpass and low-pass filters used in the classical ESC scheme. The relation between the search speed and the derivatives of the unknown input-...

First we show that for wealth-constrained agents who may commit an act twice the optimal sanctions are the offender’s entire wealth for the first and zero for the second crime. Then we ask the question whether this decreasing sanction scheme is subgame perfect (time consistent), i.e., does a rent-seeking government stick to this sanction scheme after the first crime has occurred. If the benefit...

Methods to automatically derive landforms have typically focused on pixel-based, bottom-up approaches and most commonly on the derivation of topographic eminences. In this paper we describe an object-based, top-down algorithm to identify valley floors. The algorithm is based on a region growing approach, seeded by thalwegs with pixels added to the region according to a threshold gradient value....

The paper deals with conditional responses of the form “Not if c/Yes if c” in reply to a question “?q” in the context of information-seeking dialogues. A conditional response is triggered if the obtainability of q depends on whether c holds: The response indicates a possible need to find alternative solutions, opening a negotiation in the dialogue. The paper discusses the conditions under which...

this study aims to introduce the information seeking anxiety construct as a phenomenon among postgraduate students. it also presents the information seeking anxiety scale (isas) as a valid and reliable instrument. further, the current study investigates the prevalence of information seeking anxiety among postgraduate students at a research-intensive university in kuala lumpur, malaysia. results...

TRACKING USER GOALS IN AN INFOEMATION-SEEKING ENVIRONMENT