Kusaka correctly points out that his Eqs. ~1! @Eq. ~39! in Ref. 1# and ~2! @Eq. ~43! in Ref. 2# are equivalent. Hence, the statement in Ref. 2 that Nishioka and Kusaka ‘‘arrived at a different expression for the work of embryo formation’’ is incorrect. Our misunderstanding stemmed from a failure to properly translate the notation of Ref. 1 into our own language. At the outset, however, we point...

The vapor deposition of open-networked carbon nanostructures and carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-reinforced composites have been developed and studied parametrically. Carbon nanostructures, including nano-tubes, nano-foams, nanoparticles, and nano-walls, have been deposited on catalyst-assisted substrates using microwave plasma electron cyclotron resonance-chemical vapor deposition (ECR-CVD) system at ...

Reference spectra of ammonia from four sources are compared. Low-resolution spectra (i.e., spectra for which the spectrometer resolution is numerically greater than the full-width at half-height of the rotational lines) were obtained from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) web site and from Infrared Analysis, Inc. High-resolution (0.12 cm-1) spectra were obtained from the National Instit...

.................................................................................................................................. iii CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................... vi 1 INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................... 1 1.1 Introduct...

Liquid droplets of argon surrounded by the vapor for various temperatures and various sizes have been simulated by the molecular dynamics method. Macroscopic characteristics of droplets such as density and pressure profiles and surface tension are estimated. The largest droplets with the equimolar dividing radius of about 20 Å resemble to the saturated macroscopic drops. Smaller droplets have s...

Polyisobutylene is shown to be a nonpolar phase tag that separates a highly colored salen Cr(III) complex from products but is otherwise kinetically similar to a low molecular weight salen Cr(III) complex in polycarbonate formation by Cr(III)-catalyzed copolymerization of CO2 and cyclohexene oxide.

When a fluid is confined within a spatially periodic external field, the liquid-vapor transition is replaced by a different transition called laser-induced condensation (LIC) [Götze et al., Mol. Phys. 101, 1651 (2003)]. In d=3 dimensions, the periodic field induces an additional phase, characterized by large density modulations along the field direction. At the triple point, all three phases (m...

Using high-speed visualization we demonstrate that ultrasound irradiation of pressurized carbon dioxide (CO(2)) induces phenomena that do not occur in ordinary liquids at ambient conditions. For a near-critical mixture of CO(2) and argon, sonication leads to extremely fast local phase separation, in which the system enters and leaves the two-phase region with the frequency of the imposed sound ...

Studies of olfaction and chemesthesis often rely on nominal, liquid-phase dilutions to quantify the chemicals tested, even though the associated vapor concentrations constitute the actual stimuli. For more than a decade now, our systematic studies of the olfactory and chemesthetic potency of members of homologous chemical series have routinely included quantification of vapors via gas chromatog...