OBJECTIVES Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a heterogeneous group of cerebrovascular diseases secondary to large and small vessel disease. We hypothesised that biomarkers obtained early in the disease could identify a homogeneous subpopulation with small vessel disease. METHODS We obtained disease markers in 62 patients with VCI that included neurological findings, neuropsychological te...

BACKGROUND People who are cognitively impaired not demented (CIND) can be at an increased risk for developing dementia, but little is known about the natural history of CIND in clinical settings. METHOD We examined the 2-year outcome of CIND subjects in the Canadian Cohort Study of Cognitive Impairment and Related Dementias.CIND was diagnosed when at least one positive item was endorsed on th...

The goals of this study were to find the average intracranial capacity of the living male-entities of Kosovo Albanian population, to define cephalofacial indexes and their interrelations with intracranial capacity and to explore their latent structure. Eight cephalofacial variables have been measured in 571 male entities of the Kosovo Albanian population, aged 18-35 years old. Of these measurem...

Small vessel disease is associated with white-matter (WM) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) hyperintensities (WMHs) in patients with vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) and subsequent damage to the WM. Although WM is vulnerable to hypoxic-ischemic injury and O₂ is critical in brain physiology, tissue O₂ level in the WM has not been measured and explored in vivo. We hypothesized that spontaneousl...

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) has superseded vascular dementia and multi-infarct dementia as the concept to be used in cognitive decline secondary to cerebrovascular disease1. The prevalence of dementia increases with age, and the prevalence of vascular dementia in epidemiological studies varies between 22 and 26.28%2,3. An epidemiologic study in Brazil showed a prevalence of 9.3% for vas...

During the last three decades, Morocco has experienced several stern and extended episodes of drought that severely affected pasture production. To cope with this phenomenon, the policy makers have put emphasis on a reactive short term management approach rather than on pro-active risk-based management measures. The purpose of this study is the assessment of drought by remote sensing, which is ...

The routing and signaling protocols for supporting multipoint-to-multipoint connections in ATM networks have been presented earlier. VP-Merge and VC-Merge techniques have been proposed as the likely candidates for resolving the sender identification problem associated with these connections. The additional buffer requirements in the VC-Merge mechanism and the excessive use of VPI/VCI space in t...

Long-term stability of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (WISC-IV; Wechsler, 2003) was investigated with a sample of 344 students from 2 school districts twice evaluated for special education eligibility at an average interval of 2.84 years. Test-retest reliability coefficients for the Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI), Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI), Working Memory I...

The University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU) in Vienna (Austria) in cooperation with the National Drought Management Authority (NDMA) in Nairobi (Kenya) has setup an operational processing chain for mapping drought occurrence and strength for the territory of Kenya using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) NDVI at 250 m ground resolution from 2000 onwards. ...

Vertical structure is important for understanding forest environment, yet difficult to characterize, especially in temperate heterogeneous forests where the structure is complex. This study used data from a small-footprint airborne laser scanning (ALS) to estimate vegetation coverage in four stratum ranges in a warm temperate forest in Japan: >12 m, 8 12 m, 4 8 m, and 0 4 m in height. Field dat...