Glenoid hypoplasia, also known as glenoid dysplasia and dysplasia of the scapular neck, is a failure of ossification of the posteroinferior two-thirds of the glenoid. Once thought to be a rare condition, more recent studies have shown that the incidence of glenoid hypoplasia ranges from 18% to 35%. This case report and literature review highlights the typical clinical presentation, the radiolog...

The incidence of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with erythroid hypoplasia/aplasia is probably underestimated because in most patients it is mistaken for acquired pure red blood cell aplasia. This report describes three children who fulfilled the criteria for MDS with erythroid hypoplasia/aplasia. All these patients had transfusion dependent anaemia, reticulocytopenia, erythroid hypoplasia/aplas...

IntroductionDiminutive coronary artery syndrome (DCAS) is rare anomaly, defined as a small luminal diameter of >1 the major vessels.Case ReportA previously healthy 5 month old infant presented with acute onset dyspnea. Laboratory and radiographic analysis suggested heart failure end-organ hypoperfusion. A transthoracic echocardiogram demonstrated dilated (LVDd z score + 6), hyper-trabeculated l...

Congenital vertebral artery (VA) hypoplasia is an uncommon embryonic variation of posterior circulation. The frequency of this congenital variation was reported to be 2-6% from autopsy and angiograms. Is it a congenital risk factor of ischemic stroke? In this review, we gave an overview of the literature concerning vertebral artery hypoplasia. VA hypoplasia served as an independent factor of a ...