We studied the spatial characteristics of 45 vestibular-only (VO) and 12 vestibular-plus-saccade (VPS) neurons using angular rotation and static tilt in two cynomolgus monkeys. The purpose was to determine the contribution of canal and otolith-related inputs to central vestibular neurons whose activity is associated with the central velocity storage integrator. Lateral canal-related neurons res...

In addition to vertical time shifts commonly observed in time-lapse seismic images, horizontal displacements are apparent as well. These apparent horizontal displacements may be small relatively to seismic wavelengths, perhaps only 5 m at depths of 5 km, but they consistently suggest an outward lateral expansion of images away from a compacting reservoir. It is well known that apparent vertical...

We report and explain a convective phenomenon observed in molecular dynamics simulations that cannot be classified either as a hydrodynamics instability nor as a macroscopically forced convection. Two complementary arguments show that the velocity field by a thermalizing wall is proportional to the ratio between the heat flux and the pressure. This prediction is quantitatively corroborated by o...

The effects of radiative heat transfer on the fully developed free convection flow of a viscous incompressible fluid-saturated porous medium between two vertical walls in the presence of a uniform gravitational field have been studied. An exact solution of the governing equations has been obtained. Radiation is found to have significant effects on the velocity field and temperature distribution...

abstract weirs are the most common structures for discharge measurement in engineering research. streamline curvature, non hydrostatic pressure distribution on weir and nappe adherence to the weir lead to differences between calculated and measured discharges. thus discharge coefficient, which is the ratio of real and theoretic discharges, is usually less than unity. in circular weirs the press...

SUMMARY In this study, we develop a strategy for multiparameter FWI for acoustic VTI medium with surface seismic data. Through parameterization analysis and synthetic tests, we find that it is more feasible to invert for the parameterization as vertical and horizontal velocities instead of inverting for the parameterization as vertical velocity and anisotropy fields. We develop a hierarchical a...

Beam broadening effects on the Doppler radar spectrum induced by alongand cross-radar-beam winds are theoretically investigated in this article. Analytical expression of beam broadening spectrum for a vertical beam subject to a constant vertical wind in the absence of horizontal wind is derived first. We find that the resultant beam broadening spectral shape is in an exponential form, rather th...

Shallow-water coastal areas suffer frequent reductions in salinity due to heavy rains, potentially stressing the organisms found there, particularly the early stages of development (including pelagic larvae). Individual adults and newly hatched larvae of the gastropod Crepipatella peruviana were exposed to different levels of salinity stress (32(control), 25, 20 or 15), to quantify the immediat...

Velocity map imaging inside an electrostatic quadrupole guide is demonstrated. By switching the voltages that are applied to the rods, the quadrupole can be used for guiding Stark decelerated molecules and for extracting the ions. The extraction field is homogeneous along the axis of the quadrupole, while it defocuses the ions in the direction perpendicular to both the axis of the quadrupole an...

introduction patellar dislocation is an emergency. vertical patellar dislocation is rare, often seen in adolescents and mostly due to sports injuries or high-velocity trauma. few cases have been reported in the literature. closed or open reduction under general anesthesia is often needed. we report a case of vertical locked patellar dislocation in a 26-year-old male, which was reduced by a simp...