نتایج جستجو برای: viral inactivation
تعداد نتایج: 197344 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The cellular bromodomain protein Brd4 is a major interacting partner of the papillomavirus (PV) E2 protein. Interaction of E2 with Brd4 contributes to viral episome maintenance. The E2-Brd4 interaction also plays an important role in repressing viral oncogene expression from the integrated viral genome in human PV (HPV)-positive cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanism is not clearly und...
Persistent infection with a subset of “high oncogenic risk” human papillomaviruses (HPVs) can promote the development of cancer. In these cancers, the extrachromosomal viral genome has often become integrated into the host genome. The integration event is thought to drive oncogenesis by dysregulating expression of the E6 and E7 viral oncogenes, leading to inactivation of critical cell cycle che...
The World Health Organization (WHO) published 2 alcohol-based formulations to be used in healthcare settings and for outbreak-associated infections, but inactivation efficacies of these products have not been determined against (re-)emerging viruses. In this study, we evaluated the virucidal activity of these WHO products in a comparative analysis. Zika virus (ZIKV), Ebola virus (EBOV), severe ...
The zinc finger motifs in retroviral nucleocapsid (NC) proteins are essential for viral replication. Disruption of these Cys-X2-Cys-X4-His-X4-Cys zinc-binding structures eliminates infectivity. To determine if N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) can inactivate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) preparations by alkylating cysteines of NC zinc fingers, we treate...
BACKGROUND Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a small, nonenveloped virus that typically causes a benign flu-like illness that occurs most frequently in childhood. The virus is resistant to current viral inactivation steps used in the manufacture of antihemophilic factor concentrates and B19V transmission through these products has been documented. Since 2000, B19V nucleic acid test (NAT) screening of pl...
The long term prognosis of liver cancer patients remains unsatisfactory because of cancer recurrence after surgical interventions, particularly in patients with viral infections. Since hepatitis B and C viral proteins lead to inactivation of the tumor suppressors p53 and Retinoblastoma (Rb), we hypothesize that surgery in the context of p53/Rb inactivation initiate de novo tumorigenesis.We, the...
The well-documented viral safety of albumin arises from several factors operating in concert, including virus removal during preparation, immune neutralization, serendipitous inactivation, virus sterilization through pasteurization. Safety with respect to HBV transmission was achieved even prior to the development of sensitive screening tests for HBsAg, as can be predicted given the initial vir...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a life-threatening disease caused by a novel coronavirus termed SARS-CoV. Due to the severity of this disease, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that manipulation of active viral cultures of SARS-CoV be performed in containment laboratories at biosafety level 3 (BSL3). The virus was inactivated by ultraviolet light (UV) at 254 nm, heat tr...
Human papillomavirus (HPVs) are small DNA viruses that infect epithelial tissue. More than 70 subtypes of HPV have been identified to date and they exhibit specific tropism to various region of the body [11, 19,33]. Genital HPVs can be divided to high-risk and low-risk groups [19]. The high-risk genital HPVs (HPV16, 18, 31, 33, and 54) are the etiological agents of cervical cancer, whereas low-...
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) particles lose infectivity due to their disassembly at pH values slightly below neutrality. This acid-dependent disassembly process is required for viral RNA release inside endosomes. To study the molecular determinants of viral resistance to acid-induced disassembly, six FMDV variants with increased resistance to acid inactivation were isolated. Infection by...
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