Autoradiography of goldfish retinas incubated in micromolar levels of 3H-serotonin displayed 3 kinds of labeled somas in the inner nuclear layer: S1 amacrine cells with heavy labeling, large somas, and a sparse distribution (approximately 93/mm2); S2 amacrine cells with moderate labeling, smaller somas, and a denser distribution (approximately 500/mm2); and a subset of bipolar cells with light ...

[1] A large-eddy simulation model is used to examine the impact of the intense cross-inversion wind shear on the stratocumulus cloud structure. The wind shear enhanced entrainment mixing effectively reduces the cloud water and thickens the inversion layer. It leads to a reduction of the turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) production in the cloud layer due to the weakened cloud-top radiative cooling...

Software is often constructed as a stack of layers where a sublayer extends its superlayer. Such extension of layers requires extension of mutually recursive classes that form a layer. Furthermore, a class within a layer often inherits from another class within the same layer, and this inheritance relation is preserved in the sublayer. Supporting these features in a type-safe object-oriented la...

In the present study, the mechanism of turbulent drag reduction by polymer additives in a fully developed channel ow is investigated using direct numerical simulation. In order to see the elastic e ect on turbulent drag reduction, the dilute polymer solution is expressed with an Oldroyd-B model which shows a linear elastic behavior. Simulations are carried out by changing the Weissenberg number...

Although several velocity transformations for compressible zero-pressure-gradient boundary layers have been proposed in the past decades, their performance noncanonical wall-bounded turbulent flows has not systematically investigated. This work assesses popular profile through application to types of flows. Specifically, this explores direct numerical simulation databases high-enthalpy with dis...

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformers have achieved remarkable performance in detection classification tasks. Nevertheless, their feature extraction cannot consider both local global information, so the can be further improved. In addition, more deep learning networks are designed as complex, amount of computation storage space required is also significantly increased. This pape...

Abstract The presence of waves is proven to be ubiquitous within nocturnal stable boundary layers over complex terrain, where turbulence in a continuous, although weak, state activity. typical approach based on Reynolds decomposition unable disaggregate from contributions, thus hiding any information about the production/destruction energy injected/subtracted by wave motion. We adopt triple-dec...

We present 15 days of both mean and turbulent field observations bottom mixing-layer at a gently sloping 250 m deep continental shelf site, energized by tides nonlinear internal waves (NLIWs). The tidal frequency forcing was due to the combined effects barotropic tide mode-1 (IT), while NLIWs were predominantly depression. thickness varied semidiurnal sub-tidal ∼O(10)d frequencies, with an aver...