Regardless of whether it is acute or chronic, the assessment of pain should be simple and practical. Since the intensity of pain is thought to be one of the primary factors that determine its effect on a human's overall function and sense, there are many scales to assess pain. The aim of the current article was to review pain intensity scales that are commonly used in dental and oral and maxill...

There are conflicting reports on the reproducibility of the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the modified Borg scale for the estimation of breathlessness during exercise. In an attempt to clarify the situation, two groups of healthy subjects undertook a progressive exercise test either daily (Group A) or weekly (Group B) on 10 separate occasions. Breathlessness was estimated every 1 min using th...

Currently valid itch intensity scales, such as the visual analogue scale (VAS), are indispensable, but they can be influenced by the patient's overall health status. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Dynamic Pruritus Score (DPS), a new instrument comparing reduction in current pruritus with a defined earlier time-point. Eighty-one randomly selected adults...

Background: Shoulder impingement is a common diagnosis for patients with pain and dysfunction of shoulder joint. Due to its chronicity clinical manifestation the syndrome, there need find new therapies that collaborate improve management. Methods: A hospital based descriptive, epidemiological study was conducted 150 patients. The were divided in following three groups 50 each: Platelet-rich pla...

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ECSWT) has been used widely for musculoskeletal conditions; however, no reports are available about its use for coccydynia. PURPOSE Study the effect of ECSWT in relieving pain of coccydynia. STUDY DESIGN Case report. METHODS Extracorporeal shock wave therapy was used for two male patients, Patients 1 and 2, who failed to respond comple...

BACKGROUND Literature recommends that refractory cases with lumbar disc herniation and appropriate indications are better to be treated surgically, but do all the patients throughout the world consent to the surgery with a same disability and pain threshold? We aim to elucidate the prevalence and severity of disabilities and pain in Iranian patients with lumbar disc herniation who have consente...

Tietze syndrome is a rare inflammatory disorder characterized by chest pain at costochondral junction with an idiopathic etiology. A patient came to the Central Ayurved Hospital Nardevi excruciating since 5 months. Patient stated that several medications were tried without any success. was further assessed via radiologically and laboratory. Results within normal limits. Hence, given 12 sessions...

Aim To determine if a single pre-operative dose of oral corticosteroids would be effective in reducing pain, trismus and oedema following lower third molar surgical extraction. Secondary outcomes interest were post-operative complications such as infections. Methods Searching was conducted using Embase, Medline, DOSS, CINAHL CENTRAL for randomised controlled trials. Four studies which compared ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Visual analogue scales (VAS) have been used for the subjective measurement of mood, pain, and health status after stroke. In this study we investigated how stroke-related impairments could alter the ability of subjects to answer accurately. METHODS Consent was obtained from 96 subjects with a clinical stroke (mean age, 72.5 years; 50 men) and 48 control subjects without...