There is no agreed set of grounded principles on which to rely to analyze and discuss code representations. I propose a combination of Semiotic of Graphics and ScanVis. I discovered that this unifying framework brings together many aspects of visual layout and appearance of programming languages. We describe how the framework applies to programming languages, which is not obvious and has never ...

The idea described in this paper is to use the built-in cameras of consumer mobile phones as sensors for 2-dimensional visual codes. Such codes can be attached to physical objects in order to retrieve object-related information and functionality. They are also suitable for display on electronic screens. The proposed visual code system allows the simultaneous detection of multiple codes, introdu...

The diff utility is an important basic tool, providing a foundation for many of the fundamental practices of software development, such as source code management. While there are many file differencing tools for textual programming languages, including some that look at more than simple textual variations, there are few for visual programming languages. We present an algorithm for semantic comp...

This paper presents XXL, a visual+textual environment for the automated building of graphical user interfaces. This system uses a declarative language which is a subset of the C language and can either be interpreted or compiled. It includes an interactive builder that can both handle graphical and non-graphical objects. This tool makes it possible to create highly customized interfaces by visu...

To test the hypothesis that correlated neuronal activity serves as the neuronal code for visual feature binding, we applied information theory techniques to multiunit activity recorded from pairs of V1 recording sites in anaesthetised cats while presenting either single or separate bar stimuli. We quantified the roles of firing rates of individual channels and of cross-correlations between reco...

The processing of spatial information by the visual system shows a number of similarities to the wavelet transforms that have become popular in applied mathematics. Over the last decade, a range of studies has focused on the question of ‘why’ the visual system would evolve this strategy of coding spatial information. One such approach has focused on the relationship between the visual code and ...

Manifold is a coordination language designed to support heterogeneous processor networks. In this paper, Visifold, a visual parallel programming language for generating Manifold code is described.

Common visual codebook generation methods used in a bag of visual words model, for example, k-means or Gaussian Mixture Model, use the Euclidean distance to cluster features into visual code words. However, most popular visual descriptors are histograms of image measurements. It has been shown that with histogram features, the Histogram Intersection Kernel (HIK) is more effective than the Eucli...

We introduce a low-level image representation using local orientation on a steerable pyramid. Its performance is demonstrated for a purposively progressive image coder which transmits and reconstructs parts of an image guided by their similarity to a given sample image. Like human visual attention, the image is scanned in a most-importantfirst order to gain a maximum of visual information with ...

This paper describes an overview and illustrative example for creating a portable data-collection system using Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools for the Pocket PC. A description of the Visual Basic programming language is given, along with examples of computer code procedures for developing data-collection software. Program specifications, strategies for customizing the collection system, and tro...