The unified global efforts to mitigate the high burden of vitamin and mineral deficiency, known as hidden hunger, in populations around the world are crucial to the achievement of most of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). We developed indices and maps of global hidden hunger to help prioritize program assistance, and to serve as an evidence-based global advocacy tool. Two types of hidden...

In recent years, the relationship between vitamin A deficiency, iron, and anemia has been the subject of several investigations. Although the early literature already suggested a potential association between vitamin A and iron (1), its importance was not recognized until the mid-1970s by Hodges et al. (2), who described an iron type anemia in vitamin-A-depleted adult subjects. Follow-up studie...

celiac disease (also known as gluten-sensitive enteropathy or nontropical disease) is a common autoimmune disorder that caused by sensitivity to dietary gluten and related proteins in genetically sensitive individuals. the disorder may be diagnosed at any age and that affects many organ systems. celiac disease occurs in adults and children at rates approaching 0.5 to    1% of the population. we...

objective: maternal hypovitaminosis d may impair fetal growth and cause adverse pregnancy outcomes including intrauterine growth restriction and neonatal low birth weight. the aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between maternal vitamin d status and neonate’s birth weight. materials and methods: a cross-sectional, descriptive analytical study was carried out in the nursery ward of...

Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency may further increase fracture risk in patients with decreased bone mineral density. A cross-sectional study on serum vitamin D concentrations in medical inpatients was conducted at Bassetlaw District General Hospital between April 2014 and January 2015 (10 months), and the relationship of serum vitamin D concentrations with calcium and alkaline phosphatase...

Vitamin D deficiency is not uncommon even in the sunny land of India. Lack of sun exposure and inadequate oral intake are both responsible for vitamin D deficiency. This article provides a retrospective, examining the effects of Vitamin D deficiency in 71 patients. The study's inclusion criterion was low vitamin D level combined with musculoskeletal symptoms but without the presence of osteomal...