A wide array of volatile organic compound (VOC) measurements was conducted in the Valley of Mexico during the MCMA-2002 and 2003 field campaigns. Study sites included locations in the urban core, in a heavily industrial area and at boundary sites in rural landscapes. In addition, a novel mobile-laboratory-based conditional sampling method was used to collect samples dominated by fresh on-road v...

In this paper volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from durum wheat cultivars and landraces were analyzed using PTR-TOF-MS. The aim was to characterize the VOC's profile of the wholemeal flour and of the kernel to find out if any VOCs were specific to varieties and sample matrices. The VOC data is accompanied by SDS-PAGE analyses of the storage proteins (gliadins and glutenins). Statistical analys...

This paper analyses an insurance contract of the Dutch East India Company (Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie, VOC) initiated in 1613. As this contract is an early example of risk management, we try to understand its motivation from recent insights in risk management theory of Froot, Scharfstein and Stein (The Journal of Finance 48, 1993, 1629-1658), in which growth opportunities and costly exte...

This research analyzes thequalitative and quantitative behavior of aerosol dynamics resulting from the control of nitrogen oxide (NOx) and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions by calculating detailed pollutant isopleths. Several emission scenarios are evaluated using various norms to study the nonlinear impact of control strategies. The modeling episode studied is the Southern California A...

We present temperature-dependent measurements of the open-circuit voltage VOC(T) in hydrogenated amorphous silicon nip solar cells prepared at United Solar. At room-temperature and above, VOC measured using near-solar illumination intensity differs by as much as 0.04 V for the as-deposited and light-soaked states; the values of VOC for the two states converge below 250 K. Models for VOC based e...

Metalinguistic intuitions play a very large evidential role in both linguistics and philosophy. Linguists think that these intuitions are products of underlying linguistic competence. I call this view “the voice of competence” (“VoC”). Althoughmany philosophers seem to think that metalinguistic intuitions are a priori many may implicitly hold the more scientifically respectable VoC. According t...

• Components of Photochemical Smog • Why High Levels of Ozone in the Air are Undesirable Antioxidants in the Lungs Ozone as an Oxidizing Agent • Automobile Emissions Increase Ozone Concentrations Incomplete Combustion of Gasoline Produces Volatile Organic Hydrocarbons (VOC) Combustion at High Temperatures Produces NO VOC, NO and Sunlight Result in Ozone Formation • Reducing Nitrogen Oxides and ...

Contribution of carrier recombination from the p/i interface regions and the bulk to the dark current–voltage (JD – V) and short-circuit current–open-circuit voltage (Jsc– Voc) characteristics of hydrogenated amorphous-silicon ~a-Si:H! p–i–n and n–i–p solar cells have been separated, identified, and quantified. Results are presented and discussed here which show that a maximum 1 sun Voc for a g...

1 Aims of the Value of Children Project ................................................................ 44 2 Research Questions of the Present Study ............................................................ 45 3 Method .................................................................................................................... 47 3.1 Participants, design, procedure .....................

This action revises the EPA’s definition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) under the Clean Air Act (CAA). This revision adds trans1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (also known as HFO-1234ze) to the list of compounds excluded from the definition of VOC on the basis that this compound makes a negligible contribution to tropospheric ozone formation. As a result, if you are subject to certain federal r...