We consider solutions where the surface tension of the solvent γs is smaller than the surface tension of the polymer γp. In an evaporating film, a plume of solvent rich fluid, then induces a local depression in surface tension, and the surface forces tend to strengthen the plume. We give an estimate (at the level of scaling laws) for the minimum thickness e ∗ required to obtain this instability...

Few studies have examined the prevalence of nitrous oxide (NO) inhalation or co-occurrence of NO and volatile solvent (VS) use in adolescents. Study aims were to (1) describe the independent and conjoint prevalence of NO and VS use in incarcerated youth, (2) compare adolescent users of both NO and VS inhalants (NO+VS) to users of NO-only, VS-only, and nonusers of NO and VS (NO/VNS nonusers) wit...

In the printing industry, volatile organic compounds main sources are the uses of organic solvents, fountain solutions and cleaning agents. Nowadays, one circumstance which might confuse the exposure reality is that the majority of solvents which are often used have a faint odour. Therefore, the conditions at offset printing in regard to solvent exposure may seem acceptable to workers. Fortunat...

The volatilomic fingerprint of nine different whiskeys was established using a rapid and sensitive analytical approach based on dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLL?E) followed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry detection (GC-MS) with flame ionization (GC-FID). influence the extractor solvent extraction efficiency volatile compounds (VOCs) evaluated DLL?E/GC-MS. highest amounts VO...

Ionic liquids (ILs) have recently been introduced as green solvents and potential substitute to volatile organic compounds. This is due to their negligible vapour pressure, high thermal stability, and large liquid phase range. Moreover, their physical and chemical properties can be tuned accordingly by proper choice of cations and anions. Thus, researchers suggest replacing conventional amine b...

Highly hydrophilic volatile organic/aqueous two-phase solvent systems containing an organic salt such as, acetonitrile/800 mM and 1200 mM ammonium acetate (1 : 1, v/v) were efficiently utilized for high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) to separate hydrophilic compounds. The retention of the upper and the lower stationary phases in the column of the cross-axis coil planet centrifuge ...

Chlorobenzene is a colorless volatile compound widely used as an organic solvent or a chemical intermediate. There is, however, a potential risk for people engaged in the manufacture and the handling of this compound. The threshold limit value of the time-weighted average (TLV-TWA) for chlorobenzene in air has been set at 75 ppm (350 mg/m3).1) Animals exposed to chlorobenzene excrete this compo...

The samples of Satureja subspicata Vis. honey were confirmed to be unifloral by melissopalynological analysis with the characteristic pollen share from 36% to 71%. Bioprospecting of the samples was performed by HPLC-DAD, GC-FID/MS, and UV/VIS. Prephenate derivatives were shown to be dominant by the HPLC-DAD analysis, particularly phenylalanine (167.8 mg/kg) and methyl syringate (MSYR, 114.1 mg/...

Large-scale agricultural activities have come under scrutiny for possible contributions to the emission of ozone precursors. The San Joaquin Valley (SJV) of California is an area with intense agricultural activity that exceeds the federal ozone standards for more than 30 to 40 d yr(-1) and the more stringent state standards for more than 100 d yr(-1). Pesticides are used widely in both agricult...