I 'HE currents present in VLSI conI ductor patterns are responsible for two major problems: Electromigration of metal atoms and voltage drop. Electromigration places a limit on the useful lifetime of the circuit, and, if not properly accounted for, can present a serious reliability problem. As a phenomenon that happens over an extended pe.iod of time, elecffomigration depends on all possible cu...

To assist efforts to understand the phenomena involved in the generation of tonal emissions from wet high voltage transmission lines, water drop geometries on various surfaces have been studied with and without exposure to electric fields. In a small-size arrangement, discharges from individual water drops were observed in terms of current and UV light emission; geometry changes were recorded b...

A bandwidth-tunable filter has been demonstrated based on a micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) actuated single-crystalline silicon microtoroidal resonator. Bandwidth is tuned from 2.8 to 78.4 GHz by voltage control, the largest bandwidth tuning range reported to date to our knowledge in resonator-based filters. A 21.8 dB extinction ratio is attained as a dynamic add-drop filter.

The newly developed phase-shift controlled bidirectional DC-DC converter has the conventional features of phase-shifted converters, including zero-voltage switching (ZVS) and constant switching frequency. However, it has been improved by developing a bi-directional power flow capability and applying synchronous rectification, hence the on-state voltmge drop of the active devices are small.

We investigate the nonlinear ac transport through a quantum wire with an impurity in the presence of finite range electron–electron interactions. We discuss the influence of the spatial shape of the ac electric field onto transport properties of the system and find that the scaling behavior of the occupation probability of the sidebands depends on the range of the voltage drop.

The low-current electric discharge from a fine wire anode to a planar cathode in atmospheric pressure air is numerically simulated from high-voltage prebreakdown through electron temperature growth, then ionization and consequent current growth to steady state, limited by a ballast resistor in the external circuit. Conservation of number ~mass! for ions and electrons, Gauss’ law for the self-co...

This paper presents a new topology of uninterruptible power supply (UPS) by using a Z-source inverter, where a symmetrical LC network is employed to couple the main power circuit of an inverter to a battery bank. With this new topology, the proposed UPS can maintain the desired ac output voltage at the significant voltage drop of the battery bank with high efficiency, low harmonics, fast respon...

Applying a voltage difference between a conductor and a sessile droplet sitting on a thin dielectric film separating it from the conductor will cause the drop to spread. When the conductor is a good metal, the change of the drop’s contact angle due to the voltage is given the Young-Lippmann equation. Here we report experiments with lightly-doped, single crystal silicon as the conductive electro...

This paper presents the study and survey analysis on different width size of transistor in CMOS rectifier for output voltage drop. The paper gives information about miniaturizing the CMOS rectifier using two PMOS and NMOS configuration. This investigation focuses on the effect of the width-to-length ratio by using 0.35μm technology. Therefore, increase the width size and minimize the internal r...

Abstract. We model an electrified droplet spreading a solid surface. The model aims to seek a drop shape minimizing its total energy (capillary, electrostatic and gravitational). We derive the equations and the shape gradient, then detail the shape optimization algorithm and present some numerical results. Up to a critical applied voltage value, the computed angles fit the predictions of Lippma...