It is made up of multiple components which include;  Fresh gas outlet This connects the breathing system to the anaesthetic machine  Breathing tubes These allow gas to travel to and from the patient  Reservoir bag This allows for visualisation of respiration, accumulation of oxygen and anaesthetic gases and provide a method of ventilation.  Adjustable pressure limiting (APL) valve Allows fo...

Pathology, microbiology, blood bank and other diagnostic laboratories generate sizable amount of biomedical waste (BMW). The audit of the BMW is required for planning proper strategies. The audit in our laboratory revealed 8 kgs anatomical waste, 600 kgs microbiology waste, 220 kgs waste sharps, 15 kgs soiled waste, 111 kgs solid waste, 480 litres liquid waste along with 33,000 litres per month...

Health care facilities produce significant waste (2200 kg/bed/year) creating 2% of greenhouse gas emissions and 1% total solid waste nationwide, with 20-70% of waste coming from operating rooms. We performed a waste audit of hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) to understand its environmental impact and identify areas for greening practices. A waste audit of five hip arthrosco...

Abstract—Gas flaring is one of the most GHG emitting sources in the oil and gas industries. It is also a major way for wasting such an energy that could be better utilized and even generates revenue. Minimize flaring is an effective approach for reducing GHG emissions and also conserving energy in flaring systems. Integrating waste and flared gases into the fuel gas networks (FGN) of refineries...

Plasma gasification/vitrification is a technologically advanced and environmentally friendly method of disposing of waste, converting it to commercially usable by-products. This process is a drastic non-incineration thermal process, which uses extremely high temperatures in an oxygen-starved environment to completely decompose input waste material into very simple molecules. The intense and ver...

Hazardous wastes from various industrial processes are normally incinerated with rotary kilns in order to comply with current environmental regulations. They have often very complicated chemical compositions in a variety of physical forms and difficult to characterise. The complex transport phenomena within the incinerator are not well understood, and the incineration process expects large unce...

Food waste is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States and the City of Oakland. In Oakland, 40.3% of the waste stream is composed of food scraps (StopWaste.org, ES-13). Food waste comes from homes, offices, businesses, and restaurants. Commercial sources are responsible for large quantities of the food waste generated each year. In 2008, 15,179 tons of food waste was gene...

Extraction and transportation of oil in the Sea are one of the pollution sources in the Seawater. Caspian Sea contains about 100000 million barrels of oil. It also contains over 35000 millions cubic meter of flue gas. Daily extractions of crude oil and gas and transportation of them are the main pollution sources of the Caspian Sea. Many truck to carry goods and oil tankers to carry oil from po...

The dctcrmination of anesthetic gases in blood taken from patients during anesthesia has been reported in several instances (l-3). In each case, however, reservation has been made as to the accuracy of the results because of errors in the vacuum extraction method. The principal source of error has been that the volume of gas determined was not corrected for unextracted gas. This technical diffi...

For the purpose to reveal the substance as the source of offensive odor of the fish from the sea facing petroleum and petrochemical industries, analyses have been made on the sea water, industrial wastes, offensive odor fish meat and the eels kept in the sea or industrial waste for a certain period, by means of gas chromatography, infrared, and ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometries and mas...