Waste management is the collection, transport or disposal and management of waste materials. Most waste management activities are decided upon and carried out in a public, semi-public area typically involving the waste management organization, one or more regulators and other stakeholders and members of the public. The management of waste is not only the responsibility of governments, but also ...

We demonstrate the advantages of dual-gate polysilicon nanoribbon biosensors with a comprehensive evaluation of different measurement schemes for pH and protein sensing. In particular, we compare the detection of voltage and current changes when top- and bottom-gate bias is applied. Measurements of pH show that a large voltage shift of 491 mV pH(-1) is obtained in the subthreshold region when t...

Abstract Plastic waste management in Indonesia is relatively poorly implemented due to the limited number of recyclers. One most abundant plastic wastes multilayer metallized packaging (MLP). This study was conducted analyze environmental impacts MLP and bag conversion paving blocks (PVB) with a life cycle assessment approach aimed determine whether such process brings positive or negative surr...

This paper considers a discrete-time queue with a gate. The system has a single server and a gate. Customers arrive to the system according to a batch Bernoulli process and wait for the next gate opening in front of the gate. When the gate opens, all the customers who are waiting at the gate move into the inside of the gate. The server serves the customers only inside the gate. The gate closes ...

In recent research, we proposed a general framework of quantum-inspired multi-objective evolutionary algorithms(QMOEA) and gave one of its sufficient convergence conditions to Pareto optimal set. In this paper, two Q-gate operators, H2 gate and R&N2 gate, are experimentally validated as two Q-gate paradigms meeting to the convergence condition. The former is a modified rotation gate, and the la...

Despite the simplicity of the hexagonal graphene structure formed by carbon atoms, the electronic behavior shows fascinating properties, giving high expectation for the possible applications of graphene in the field. The Graphene Nano-Ribbon Field Effect Transistor (GNRFET) is an emerging technology that received much attention in recent years. In this paper, we investigate the device performan...

The dependence of the metal gate work function on the underlying gate dielectric in advanced metal-oxide-semiconductor ~MOS! gate stacks was explored. Metal work functions on high-k dielectrics are observed to differ appreciably from their values on SiO2 or in vacuum. We applied the interface dipole theory to the interface between the gate and the gate dielectric of a MOS transistor and obtaine...

Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is one of the major environmental problems of Indian cities. Improper management of municipal solid waste (MSW) causes hazards to inhabitants. Various studies reveal that about 90% of MSW is disposed of unscientifically in open dumps and landfills, creating problems to public health and the environment. In the present study, an attempt has been made to pr...