This edition of Select highlights recent papers that explore some of the ever-evolving strategies that are used by microbes to subvert eukaryotic immune systems, and by host cells to fight off bacterial and viral pathogens. A number of intracellular pathogens, including Shigella flexneri, the causative agent of dysentery, co-opt the cytoskeletal elements of their host cells. These bacterial pat...

Aerial plant surfaces harbor large numbers of microbes, some of which are deleterious to plants whereas others are benign or beneficial. Commercial formulations of bacteria antagonistic to plant pathogenic microbes and ice nucleation active bacteria have been utilized as an environmentally safe method to manage plant disease and to prevent frost damage. Molecular genetic tools, microscopic exam...

Development of efficient screening method coupled with cell functionality evaluation is highly needed in contemporary microbiology. The presented novel concept and fast non-destructive method brings in to play the water spectral pattern of the solution as a molecular fingerprint of the cell culture system. To elucidate the concept, NIR spectroscopy with Aquaphotomics were applied to monitor the...

Advances in water and wastewater treatment in the twentieth century have transformed public health worldwide. However, as a number of World Health Organization and American Academy of Microbiology expert reports have clearly shown, we are still a long way from guaranteeing safe drinking water even in the most developed nations. This chapter attempts to identify major knowledge gaps and summariz...

This Prospective analytic study was conducted at the microbiology laboratory of Dr. Ziauddin Hospital to find out minimum temperature and duration required to eradicate common bacterial pathogens from water samples. High concentration (> 1014 cfu/ml) of five common diarrheal pathogens were added to 100 ml water samples and heated till 40 degrees C, 60 degrees C, 100 degrees C, and two samples w...

Objective: The aim of the study was to report the association of socio-economic factors with child’s height. Design: Cross-sectional study based on a representative national sample of government schools. Setting: Trinidad and Tobago in 1999. Subjects: A total of 2608 boys and girls mean age 5.8 y, range 4.38 – 6.99 y and 3080 mean age 8.6 y, range 7.00 – 10.44 y olds. Outcome: Measurement of he...

OBJECTIVE To determine the level of understanding of the issues of climate change (CC)/variability (CV) and public health by populations of St Kitts and Nevis (SKN) and Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) and to find whether respondents would be willing to incorporate these values into strategies for dengue fever (DF) prevention. DESIGN AND METHODS Using a cluster sampling system, representative sample...

One strength for all potential readers of the book is that patient positioning and the requirements for a technically adequate study are presented, as well as inherent limitations to certain techniques (e.g., supine portable chest x-rays as opposed to upright, posterior to anterior , films). All physicians would do well to read and understand these sections when requesting, interpreting, or sug...

THIS manageable volume draws together the current information on double-contrast G.I. radiology in a very readable form. It describes and comments on the techniques necessary (and the re-orientation of the examiner) and provides beautiful and profuse illustrations of what can be achieved. Its description and illustration of normal and abnormal variants is particularly useful for those trying ou...